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Effect of the addition of heat-killed cells on the invasion rate of S. Typhimurium culturable cells on HeLa cells. Heat-killed (121°C, 15 min) S. Typhimurium cells were added to a 100% culturable cell inoculum. No heat-killed cells (white bars), 10 heat-killed cells (gray bars), or 100 heat-killed cells (black bars) were added for each culturable cell. Error bars represent standard deviations for triplicate invasion assays.
