Table 3.

Outcomes of screening for HIV infection in 10,000 pregnant women

Variables	Prevalence 0.09%
Women screened, n	10 000
Women identified as HIV-1 positive	9
Women receiving test results	8.1 (91%)a
Women receiving antiretroviral therapy (ARV)	4.9 – 7.4 (60% – 90%)a
Women submitted to elective cesarean	3.0 – 4.1 (37% – 50%)a
Cases of mother-to-child transmission (MCT) expected among women without intervention	1.14 – 2.04 (14% – 25%)a
Number of cases of mother-to-child transmission prevented with ARV	0.59 (95% CI 0.49–0.64)b 1.59 (95% CI 1.32–1.71)b
Number needed to screen (NNS) to prevent one case of infant HIV infection	4,542 (95% CI 4,141–5,346)c 11,800 (95% CI 10,730–13,928)d

MCT = Mother-to-Child Transmission

ARV = Antiretroviral Therapy

^a values in parenthesis are from literature sources

^b values obtained from the model

^c NNS calculated from the combination of preventive measures: ARV (90% and cesarean section (50%)

^d NNS calculated from the combination of preventive measures: ARV (60% and cesarean section (37%)