Fig. 8.

Hypothetical model of aedeskinin-III signaling to the paracellular pathway in Malpighian tubules of the yellow-fever mosquito. The paracellular protein complex consists of cytoplasmic elements such as the cytoskeleton, scaffolding and regulatory proteins, and integral membrane proteins reaching into the paracellular space. The proteins defining the paracellular barrier/permeability properties are unknown in insect epithelia. ADF, actin depolymerizing factor; GPCR, G-protein-coupled receptor; α,β,γ, subunits of G protein; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; PLC, phospholipase C; PIP₂, phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate; DAG, diacylglycerol; PKC, protein kinase C; SERCA, sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase.