Skip to main content
. 2009 Feb 18;169(7):837–847. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwn395

Table 4.

Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for the Association of Hip Circumference With Incident Diabetes in a Biracial Cohort of Men and Women, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1987–1998

Quintile of Anthropometric Variablea
 P trend
1 2
 3
 4
 5
Referent HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI HR 95% CI
No. of participants 2,126 2,170 2,256 2,028 2,187
Events 103 167 214 251 437
Person-years 15,615 16,095 16,801 14,637 14,794
Model 1b
    Hip 1.00 1.59 1.25, 2.04 1.96 1.55, 2.48 2.64 2.10, 3.32 4.50 3.63, 5.57 <0.0001
Model 1 + waist
    Hip 1.00 0.92 0.71, 1.20 0.77 0.59, 1.02 0.67 0.50, 0.90 0.72 0.53, 0.98 0.037
Model 1 + BMI
    Hip 1.00 0.92 0.70, 1.20 0.80 0.61, 1.06 0.69 0.51, 0.92 0.75 0.54, 1.02 0.074
Model 1 + waist and BMI
    Hip 1.00 0.75 0.57, 0.98 0.56 0.42, 0.75 0.41 0.30, 0.56 0.37 0.27, 0.52 <0.0001
    Waist 1.00 1.73 1.24, 2.42 2.56 1.81, 3.61 4.13 2.87, 5.95 5.86 3.96, 8.69 <0.0001
    BMI 1.00 1.73 1.23, 2.42 2.34 1.64, 3.33 3.09 2.12, 4.50 5.01 3.34, 7.53 <0.0001
Model 2c
    Hip 1.00 0.79 0.60, 1.04 0.60 0.45, 0.80 0.44 0.32, 0.61 0.41 0.29, 0.58 <0.0001
    Waist 1.00 1.63 1.16, 2.29 2.38 1.68, 3.38 3.72 2.57, 5.37 5.08 3.41, 7.57 <0.0001
    BMI 1.00 1.77 1.25, 2.50 2.42 1.69, 3.47 3.22 2.19, 4.73 5.21 3.44, 7.89 <0.0001

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.

a

Quintiles of hip circumference were created by using race- and sex-specific cutpoints.

b

Model 1 was adjusted for age, race, sex, and clinical center.

c

Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 variables plus level of education (≤high school graduate, >high school graduate), current smoking status at baseline (yes, no) and pack-years of cigarette smoking (quartiles), alcohol consumption (none vs. any), family history of diabetes (yes, no, unknown), baseline menopausal status (yes, no) and baseline hormone use by women (current yes, no), Keys’ score (quintiles), cereal fiber (grams per day in quintiles), fruit and vegetable intake (servings per day in quintiles), and physical activity (Baecke sport index score in quartiles).