Table 5.

Stratified Results for the Association of Hip Circumference With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Over 12 Years of Follow-up, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1987–1998^a

	Quintile of Anthropometric Variableb									P trend
	1	2		3		4		5
	Referent	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
Stratified by race
Black
No.	435	447		490		442		477
Events	35	63		80		92		136
Person-years	3,356	3,109		3,465		2,938		3,044
Hip	1.00	0.93	0.57, 1.53	0.71	0.42, 1.21	0.58	0.33, 1.04	0.60	0.32, 1.12	0.22
Waist	1.00	2.03	1.15, 3.59	2.90	1.60, 5.27	5.88	3.16, 10.94	6.39	3.23, 12.64	<0.0001
BMI	1.00	1.28	0.63, 2.63	1.52	0.71, 3.25	1.82	0.82, 4.06	2.17	0.92, 5.14	0.38
White
No.	1,526	1,622		1,665		1,481		1,574
Events	68	104		134		159		301
Person-years	12,259	12,986		13,337		11,698		11,750
Hip	1.00	0.74	0.53, 1.05	0.61	0.43, 0.88	0.46	0.31, 0.68	0.40	0.26, 0.61	0.0003
Waist	1.00	1.60	1.04, 2.45	2.45	1.58, 3.81	3.50	2.19, 5.61	5.39	3.25, 8.93	<0.0001
BMI	1.00	1.77	1.18, 2.64	2.30	1.49, 3.54	2.98	1.87, 4.77	5.37	3.24, 8.91	<0.0001
Stratified by sex
Women
No.	1,176	1,078		1,245		1,086		1,179
Events	61	82		109		127		233
Person-years	9,303	8,417		9,824		8,325		8,556
Hip	1.00	0.75	0.50, 1.11	0.42	0.27, 0.64	0.28	0.18, 0.45	0.26	0.15, 0.43	<0.0001
Waist	1.00	1.17	0.72, 1.91	1.93	1.19, 3.11	3.23	1.95, 5.35	4.81	2.76, 8.39	<0.0001
BMI	1.00	2.43	1.49, 3.97	4.06	2.43, 6.78	4.85	2.77, 8.48	9.20	4.97, 17.03	<0.0001
Men
No.	805	991		910		837		872
Events	42	85		105		124		204
Person-years	6,312	7,678		6,977		6,312		6,238
Hip	1.00	1.01	0.66, 1.55	0.96	0.60, 1.51	0.81	0.49, 1.32	0.81	0.48, 1.39	0.72
Waist	1.00	2.55	1.49, 4.36	2.99	1.66, 5.38	4.15	2.22, 7.74	5.62	2.89, 10.96	<0.0001
BMI	1.00	0.85	0.49, 1.47	1.01	0.57, 1.81	1.36	0.73, 2.52	1.88	0.97, 3.66	0.008

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.

^aModels were adjusted for age, race (except were stratified by race), sex (except where stratified by sex), clinical center, level of education (≤high school graduate, >high school graduate), current smoking status at baseline (yes, no) and pack-years of cigarette smoking (quartiles), alcohol consumption (none vs. any), family history of diabetes (yes, no, unknown), baseline menopausal status (yes, no) and baseline hormone use by women (current yes, no), Keys’ score (quintiles), cereal fiber (grams per day in quintiles), fruit and vegetable intake (servings per day in quintiles), and physical activity (score of ≥2 or <2 on the Baecke sport index).

^bQuintiles of hip circumference were created by using race- and sex-specific cutpoints.