Table 6.
Hazard Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for the Association of Hip Circumference With Incident Coronary Heart Disease in a Biracial Cohort of Men and Women, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, 1987–2003
| Quintile of Anthropometric Variablea |
P trend | |||||||||
| 1 | 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
||||||
| Referent | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | ||
| No. of participants | 2,126 | 2,170 | 2,256 | 2,028 | 2,187 | |||||
| Events | 198 | 243 | 219 | 208 | 240 | |||||
| Person-years | 29,758 | 30,645 | 32,150 | 28,827 | 30,785 | |||||
| Model 1b | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 1.12 | 0.93, 1.35 | 1.02 | 0.84, 1.24 | 1.06 | 0.88, 1.29 | 1.18 | 0.98, 1.43 | 0.3916 |
| Model 1 + waist | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 0.91 | 0.74, 1.11 | 0.71 | 0.57, 0.900 | 0.61 | 0.47, 0.79 | 0.51 | 0.38, 0.69 | <0.0001 |
| Model 1 + BMI | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.72, 1.09 | 0.68 | 0.54, 0.86 | 0.51 | 0.44, 0.74 | 0.48 | 0.36, 0.64 | <0.0001 |
| Model 1 + waist and BMI | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 0.83 | 0.67, 1.03 | 0.62 | 0.48, 0.79 | 0.49 | 0.37, 0.64 | 0.37 | 0.26, 0.51 | <0.0001 |
| Waist | 1.00 | 1.29 | 1.02, 1.64 | 1.36 | 1.05, 1.77 | 1.49 | 1.11, 2.00 | 1.98 | 1.40, 2.80 | 0.0039 |
| BMI | 1.00 | 1.14 | 0.89, 1.45 | 1.47 | 1.12, 1.920 | 1.78 | 1.31, 2.41 | 2.32 | 1.62, 3.32 | <0.0001 |
| Model 2c | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 0.92 | 0.74, 1.14 | 0.75 | 0.59, 0.97 | 0.63 | 0.48, 0.84 | 0.50 | 0.35, 0.70 | 0.0002 |
| Waist | 1.00 | 1.21 | 0.95, 1.53 | 1.19 | 0.91, 1.55 | 1.17 | 0.87, 1.58 | 1.44 | 1.01, 2.05 | 0.2274 |
| BMI | 1.00 | 1.18 | 0.92, 1.51 | 1.57 | 1.19, 2.06 | 1.96 | 1.43, 2.67 | 2.61 | 1.81, 3.76 | <0.0001 |
| Model 3d | ||||||||||
| Hip | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.75, 1.17 | 0.81 | 0.63, 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.55, 0.99 | 0.58 | 0.41, 0.82 | 0.0298 |
| Waist | 1.00 | 1.07 | 0.84, 1.36 | 1.00 | 0.76, 1.31 | 0.87 | 0.64, 1.19 | 1.07 | 0.75, 1.17 | 0.2784 |
| BMI | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.75, 1.24 | 1.19 | 0.90, 1.57 | 1.41 | 1.02, 1.94 | 1.61 | 1.10, 2.35 | 0.0303 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
Quintiles of hip circumference were created by using race- and sex-specific cutpoints.
Model 1 was adjusted for age, race, sex, and clinical center.
Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 variables plus waist circumference (quintiles) and BMI (quintiles).
Model 3 was adjusted for model 2 variables plus level of education (≤high school graduate, >high school graduate), current smoking status at baseline (yes, no) and pack-years of cigarette smoking (quartiles), alcohol consumption (none vs. any), family history of diabetes (yes, no, unknown), baseline menopausal status (yes, no) and baseline hormone use by women (current yes, no), Keys’ score (quintiles), cereal fiber (grams per day in quintiles), fruit and vegetable intake (servings per day in quintiles), and physical activity (Baecke sport index score in quartiles).