Table 6.
Description of Self-reported Smoking | Parental Demographics |
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Younger and Lower SESb | Median Age and Median SESc | Older and Higher SESd | |
No smoking by anyone at any time | 210 | 130 | 90 |
Only the mother smoked—stopped at least 3 months before conceptione | 230 | 130 | 90 |
Only the father smoked—stopped at least 3 months before conceptione | 210 | 160 | 130 |
Both the mother and father smoked—stopped at least 3 months before conceptione | 230 | 170 | 130 |
No parental smoking at any time; only others smoked in the home before and after birthe | 400 | 330 | 280 |
Only the mother smoked at all time periodsf | 1,000 | 230 | 70 |
Only the father smoked at all time periodsf | 230 | 370 | 530 |
Both the mother and father smoked at all time periodsf | 1,100 | 650 | 420 |
Both the mother and father smoked at all time periodsf and in-home smoking reported at dust collectionf | 1,300 | 800 | 540 |
Both the mother and father smoked at all time periodsf and others smoked before and after birthe | 2,200 | 1,700 | 1,300 |
Both the mother and father smoked at all time periodsf and others smoked before and after birthe and in-home smoking reported at dust collectionf | 2,500 | 2,000 | 1,700 |
Abbreviation: SES, socioeconomic status.
Predicted values based on the “All Homes” model, assuming a 10-year-old single-family house, measurement season is not fall, no breastfeeding, child is white or Hispanic, and usual vacuum frequency of less than once a month.
25th percentile values: mother's age (years) = 26, father's age (years) = 28, household annual income = $30,000–$44,000, parents have high school degrees.
Median values: mother's age (years) = 30, father's age = 33, household annual income = $60,000–$74,000, parents have some post–high school education.
75th percentile values: mother's age (years) = 34, father's age (years) = 37, household annual income = ≥$75,000, parents have bachelor's degrees.
Dichotomous (yes/no) smoking variable.
Continuous smoking variable, showing model predictions for smoking 5 cigarettes per day.