Table 3.

Odds Ratios for the Association Between Use of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and Distal Large Bowel Cancer, by Race, North Carolina Colon Cancer Study II, 2001–2006

	Whites						African Americans
	Cases		Controls		Multivariable ORa	95% CI	Cases		Controls		Multivariable ORa	95% CI
	No.	%	No.	%			No.	%	No.	%
Never use (referent)	174	22.8	124	15.1	1.00		74	28.9	45	26.2	1.00
Ever use	590	77.2	700	85.0	0.60	0.46, 0.79	182	71.1	127	73.8	0.87	0.55, 1.40
Recent useb	530	69.4	658	79.9	0.57	0.43, 0.75	158	61.7	117	68.0	0.82	0.50, 1.32
Average monthly use in the past 5 years, no. of times
<15	325	42.5	326	39.6	0.65	0.49, 0.88	121	47.3	89	51.7	0.78	0.47, 1.29
≥15	265	34.7	374	45.4	0.55	0.41, 0.74	61	23.8	38	22.1	1.13	0.62, 2.05
Regular usec of NSAIDs, by type
Over-the-counter aspirin	280	36.7	385	46.7	0.56	0.41, 0.75	75	29.2	54	31.4	0.87	0.50, 1.52
Over-the-counter, nonaspirin NSAIDs	89	11.7	100	12.1	0.57	0.39, 0.84	30	11.7	10	5.8	1.93	0.81, 4.56
Prescription nonselective NSAIDs	48	6.3	73	8.9	0.48	0.30, 0.75	18	7.0	8	4.7	1.17	0.44, 3.07
Selective COX-2 inhibitors	69	9.0	119	14.4	0.38	0.25, 0.56	18	7.0	16	9.3	0.69	0.29, 1.61

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; OR, odds ratio.

^aAdjusted for age (continuous), sex, race (African-American or white), sampling probability, body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)²; <25, 25–29.9, or ≥30) 1 year prior, ever use of calcium supplements in the past 5 years, physical activity 1 year prior (<1,882, 1,882–2,077, or ≥2,078 metabolic equivalent-minutes/day), total energy intake (<1,711, 1,711–2,413, or ≥2,414 kcal/day), and dietary fat intake (<64, 64–97, or ≥98 g/day).

^bContinuing use in the year before diagnosis/interview.

^cAmong ever users, use at least 3 times per week for 3 months or more.