Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of 2544 Nurses’ Health Study participants
| Total study population (n = 2544) | eGFR decline <25% (n = 2117) | eGFR decline ≥25% (n = 427) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 67 (53–80) | 67 (53–79) | 68 (53–80)** |
| African American | 12 (0.5) | 10 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) |
| Body mass index in 1990 (BMI) (kg/m2) | 24.4 (14.1–63.8) | 24.4 (14.1–53.2) | 24.7 (15.1–63.8) |
| Body mass index in 2000 (BMI) (kg/m2) | 25.6 (11.7–64.7) | 25.5 (11.7–54.8) | 25.7 (14.6–64.7)* |
| Change in BMI between 1990 and 2000 (kg/m2) | 0.8 (−13.6–20.2) | 0.8 (−8.6–20.2) | 0.8 (−13.6–16.5) |
| Current cigarette smoking | 145 (5.7) | 125 (5.9) | 20 (4.7) |
| Ever smoked | 1356 (53.3) | 1115 (43.8) | 241 (56.4) |
| Alcohol intake of 30+ g/day | 90 (3.5) | 80 (3.8) | 10 (2.3) |
| Hypertension | 1233 (48.5) | 978 (46.2) | 255 (59.7)*** |
| Diabetes | 148 (5.8) | 106 (5.0) | 42 (9.8)*** |
| CHF | 25 (1.0) | 18 (0.9) | 7 (1.6) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 86 (3.4) | 73 (3.5) | 13 (3.0) |
| Any CVD (MI, angina, CABG or stroke) | 58 (2.3) | 46 (2.2) | 12 (2.8) |
| Emphysema | 126 (5.0) | 95 (4.5) | 31 (7.3)* |
| Osteoarthritis | 903 (35.5) | 745 (35.6) | 149 (34.9) |
| Any BP medication (yes/no) | 954 (37.5) | 760 (35.9) | 194 (45.4)*** |
| Measured sCr (mg/dl) in 1989 | 0.8 (0.5–2.8) | 0.8 (0.5–2.8) | 0.7 (0.6–1.6)*** |
| Measured sCr (mg/dl) in 2000 | 0.8 (0.5–2.6) | 0.8 (0.5–1.9) | 0.9 (0.6–2.6)*** |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) in 1989 | 85 (19–139) | 84 (19–139) | 95 (35–137)*** |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) in 2000 | 76 (19–134) | 79 (27–134) | 63 (19–99)*** |
| PFS score in 2000 | 85 (5–100) | 85 (5–100) | 80 (5–100)*** |
| PFS ≤80 in 2000 | 1127 (44.3) | 906 (42.8) | 221 (51.8)*** |
| PFS ≤65 in 2000 | 645 (25.4) | 502 (23.7) | 143 (33.5)*** |
Results are expressed as median (range) or number (%).
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 when compared to referent group with the eGFR decline <25%.
eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; PFS: Physical Function Subscale of the SF-36.