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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: Magn Reson Med. 2008 Apr;59(4):916–924. doi: 10.1002/mrm.21529

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2

The echo-shifting induced artifact in partial Fourier gradient-echo EPI (simulation). a,b: The proton density map and field inhomogeneity map of the mathematical phantom (i.e., the input of our simulation). c: The full Fourier EPI k-space data. d: The reconstructed full Fourier EPI image. e: An image reconstructed from partial Fourier data (i.e., within the yellow box of c) using Cuppen's algorithm and the full knowledge of image background phase. f: An image reconstructed from partial Fourier data (i.e., within the yellow box of c) using Cuppen's algorithm and low-resolution information of image background phase (i.e., the data within the red box of c). [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com.]