Table 1.
Pre- and post-operative neuropsychological assessment scores
| Neurocognitive measures (selected) | Pre-operative assessment | Post-operative assessment |
|---|---|---|
| WAIS-III full-scale IQ | SS = 125 | SS = 103* |
| WAIS-III verbal IQ | SS = 128 | SS = 106* |
| Vocabulary | 13 (scale score) | 10 (scale score)* |
| Similarities | 15 (scale score) | 9 (scale score)* |
| Information | 15 (scale score) | 13 (scale score) |
| WAIS-III performance IQ | SS = 116 | SS = 99* |
| Block design | 13 (scale score) | 11 (scale score) |
| Matrix reasoning | 15 (scale score) | 13 (scale score) |
| Picture arrangement | 10 (scale score) | 10 (scale score) |
| Digit symbol (processing speed) | 16 (scale score) | 8 (scale score)* |
| WAIS-III Working memory index | ||
| Digit span | 17 (scale score) | 12 (scale score)* |
| Arithmetic | 13 (scale score) | 12 (scale score) |
| Letter-number sequencing | N/A | 15 (scale score) |
| WRAT-R reading | SS = 106 | SS = 97 |
| WRAT-R spelling | SS = 108 | SS = 95* |
| WRAT-R arithmetic | SS = 101 | SS = 101 |
| Boston naming test | N/A | Raw Score = 57/60 |
| Aphasia screening test | 0 errors (normal) | 1 error (normal) |
| MAE COWA (total items) | 64 | 58 |
| Semantic fluency (animals total) | 36 | 32 |
| MAE token test | N/A | Raw Score = 44/44 |
| WMS-III auditory memory immediate | SS = 138 | SS = 102* |
| WMS-III auditory memory delayed | SS = 140 | SS = 105* |
| WMS-III visual memory immediate | SS = 112 | SS = 100* |
| WMS-III visual memory delayed | SS = 112 | SS = 110 |
| RAVLT – 5 trial total | 66, T = 66 | 59, T = 60 |
| RAVLT – immediate recall | 14, T = 63 | 12, T = 57 |
| RAVLT – delayed recall | 14, T = 73 | 10, T = 50* |
Note: WAIS-III = 3rd edition of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WRAT-R = Revised edition of the Wide Range Achievement Test; MAE = Multilingual Aphasia Examination; COWA = Controlled Oral Word Association; WMS-III = 3rd edition of the Wechsler Memory Scale; RAVLT = Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; SS = standard score; T = T-score. Post-operative scores denoted with an asterisk (*) represent a significant decline in performance following surgery. Reliable change indices were utilized when available for individual tests. Such expected change scores have been established for many neuropsychological measures for patients with epilepsy, as this group often undergoes serial assessment (Hermann et al., 1996; Sawrie et al., 1996). No significant improvements were noted following surgery.