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Lack of LIF prevents activation of STAT3 signaling. Relative levels of Lif, Clc, Stat3, and Socs3 mRNAs (as indicated) were analyzed by real-time PCR in retinas of Lif+/– and Lif–/– mice before (controls) or at 12 h after exposure to 15,000 lx of white light for 2 h. RNA levels were expressed relative to levels in Lif+/– controls, which were set to 1. β-actin served as reference. Shown are means±SD of n=3.
