TABLE 3.
Differential effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and safflower oil (SAF) on total and central adipose mass and lean mass1
| Diet period 1 |
Diet period 2 |
|||||
| Baseline (week 0) | ΔWeeks 0–16 | Baseline (week 20) | ΔWeeks 20–36 | P for trend2 | P for comparison of treatments3 | |
| Body weight (kg) | 0.032 | |||||
| SAF | 99.16 ± 3.29 | −0.11 ± 0.55 | 97.18 ± 4.14 | 0.90 ± 0.79 | 0.415 | |
| CLA | 98.86 ± 4.13 | −1.25 ± 0.71 | 98.78 ± 3.30 | −0.86 ± 0.59 | 0.024 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.000 | |||||
| SAF | 36.3 ± 1.2 | 0.1 ± 0.2 | 36.4 ± 1.4 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.054 | |
| CLA | 37.1 ± 1.4 | −0.5 ± 0.2 | 36.4 ± 1.2 | −0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.002 | |
| Adipose tissue (g) | 0.074 | |||||
| SAF | 42,994 ± 2272 | 80 ± 667 | 43,203 ± 2877 | 135 ± 906 | 0.849 | |
| CLA | 44,656 ± 2872 | −1076 ± 849 | 42,150 ± 2281 | −1591 ± 721 | 0.019 | |
| Trunk adipose tissue (g) | 0.039 | |||||
| SAF | 24,391 ± 1227 | −1203 ± 852 | 25,680 ± 1674 | −1943 ± 1267 | 0.042 | |
| CLA | 25,506 ± 1655 | 1075 ± 1184 | 23,587 ± 1267 | 314 ± 942 | 0.361 | |
| Lean tissue (g) | 0.193 | |||||
| SAF | 45,149 ± 1615 | 1402 ± 594 | 46,390 ± 2046 | 654 ± 808 | 0.043 | |
| CLA | 46,489 ± 2040 | −412 ± 756 | 46,513 ± 1625 | 599 ± 642 | 0.851 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 0.904 | |||||
| SAF | 111.3 ± 2.3 | −1.0 ± 0.7 | 110.8 ± 2.9 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.949 | |
| CLA | 112.0 ± 2.9 | −0.7 ± 0.9 | 110.1 ± 2.3 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.915 | |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.190 | |||||
| SAF | 0.91 ± 0.01 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.92 ± 0.02 | −0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.874 | |
| CLA | 0.90 ± 0.02 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.084 | |
| Sagittal abdominal diameter (cm) | 0.449 | |||||
| SAF | 27.3 ± 0.6 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 27.6 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.239 | |
| CLA | 27.7 ± 0.8 | 0.3 ± 0.5 | 27.0 ± 0.7 | −0.2 ± 0.4 | 0.900 | |
| Triceps skinfold thickness (mm) | 0.629 | |||||
| SAF | 41.7 ± 1.8 | 0.2 ± 1.0 | 40.8 ± 2.3 | 0.8 ± 1.4 | 0.550 | |
| CLA | 41.3 ± 2.2 | −0.6 ± 1.2 | 41.7 ± 1.8 | 0.5 ± 1.0 | 0.940 | |
| Subscapular skinfold thickness (mm) | 0.184 | |||||
| SAF | 45.9 ± 1.7 | −3.5 ± 1.2 | 43.2 ± 2.3 | 1.5 ± 1.8 | 0.366 | |
| CLA | 43.1 ± 2.2 | 0.7 ± 1.6 | 42.1 ± 1.8 | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 0.328 | |
1
All values are means ± SEMs, pooled across SAF and CLA groups. In this crossover study, 55 women began supplementation with either SAF or CLA for 16 wk for diet period 1 (weeks 0–16) and diet period 2 (weeks 20–36). Thirty-five women completed all 36 wk. The results were derived from tests for orthogonal contrasts used in the mixed-effects model.
2
Within-diet treatment of both diet periods (final – initial value).
3
Difference of effects of diet treatments (SAF compared with CLA).