TABLE 3.
Rates per person years and hazard ratios (and 95% CIs) for any cardiovascular disease according to quintile (Q) of 4 empirically derived dietary patterns in 5316 men and women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)1
| Dietary pattern | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | P for trend2 |
| Fats and Processed Meat (events/person-years) | 32/4877 | 41/4830 | 37/4891 | 46/4833 | 51/4820 | |
| Model 13 | 1.00 | 1.22 (0.76, 1.95) | 1.16 (0.70, 1.92) | 1.46 (0.87, 2.44) | 2.10 (1.16, 3.81) | 0.03 |
| Model 24 | 1.00 | 1.21 (0.75, 1.94) | 1.14 (0.69, 1.89) | 1.41 (0.84, 2.37) | 1.82 (0.99, 3.35) | 0.10 |
| Vegetables and Fish (events/person-years) | 39/4802 | 43/4843 | 52/4871 | 49/4850 | 24/4886 | |
| Model 13 | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.76, 1.82) | 1.49 (0.98, 2.27) | 1.37 (0.88, 2.12) | 0.85 (0.47, 1.54) | 0.71 |
| Model 24 | 1.00 | 1.27 (0.82, 1.97) | 1.63 (1.06, 2.49) | 1.51 (0.96, 2.36) | 0.98 (0.54, 1.79) | 0.38 |
| Beans, Tomatoes, and Refined Grains (events/person-years) | 46/4849 | 43/4851 | 50/4876 | 39/4877 | 29/4799 | |
| Model 13 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.65, 1.50) | 1.17 (0.78, 1.75) | 0.89 (0.56, 1.39) | 0.80 (0.45, 1.41) | 0.75 |
| Model 24 | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.65, 1.50) | 1.15 (0.76, 1.72) | 0.88 (0.56, 1.39) | 0.80 (0.45, 1.42) | 0.79 |
| Whole Grains and Fruit (events/person-years) | 40/4811 | 42/4836 | 46/4841 | 42/4916 | 37/4848 | |
| Model 13 | 1.00 | 0.78 (0.50, 1.22) | 0.77 (0.49, 1.21) | 0.62 (0.39, 0.99) | 0.51 (0.31, 0.85) | 0.002 |
| Model 24 | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.52, 1.27) | 0.82 (0.52, 1.30) | 0.67 (0.41, 1.08) | 0.54 (0.33, 0.91) | 0.007 |
1
Hazard ratios (and 95% CIs) generated by Cox proportional hazards regression, with Q1 as the referent.
2
P for linear trend across quintiles was calculated with the dietary pattern score variable modeled as a continuous variable.
3
Adjusted for study center, age, sex, race-ethnicity, and energy intake (kcal/d).
4
Adjusted for the variables in model 1 plus education, physical activity, smoking status, pack-years, and weekly dietary supplement use.