Proliferation was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation after 48-hour treatment with basal medium (BM), R5020 (20 nM), basal medium plus ANG II (BM + ANG II, 100nM), and R5020 plus ANG II (R5020 20 nM + ANG II 100 nM). Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of triplicate values from a representative experiment. * P≤0.05, BM + ANG II increased proliferation over BM alone. ** P≤0.05, R5020 + ANG II increased proliferation over any other treatment.