Table 2.
Metabolic parameters of participants
| NGT | IFG | IGT | IFG-IGT | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 40 | 17 | 23 | 11 |
| FPG (mmol/liter) | 5.09 ± 0.05 | 5.84 ± 0.05a | 5.01 ± 0.05 | 5.96 ± 0.1a |
| 2hG (mmol/liter) | 6.26 ± 0.15 | 6.47 ± 0.21 | 8.5 ± 0.139a | 8.9 ± 0.32a |
| FPI (μU/ml) | 31.8 ± 2.1 | 39.2 ± 4.2 | 38.9 ± 3.5 | 37.8 ± 5.2 |
| 2-h plasma insulin (μU/ml) | 145.8 ± 16.3 | 136.5 ± 20.7 | 175.2 ± 18.3 | 263.5 ± 55.8a |
| Fasting C-peptide (pmol/liter) | 1101.6 ± 53.5 | 1198.2 ± 94.7 | 1090.5 ± 79.9 | 1477.9 ± 132.9 |
| 2-h C-peptide (pmol/liter) | 3302.4 ± 200.2 | 2973.6 ± 198.5 | 5290.6 ± 629.5a | 4146.4 ± 378.6 |
| First-phase insulin (μU/ml) | 150.4 ± 13.6 | 135.1 ± 18.5 | 151.2 ± 14.3 | 80.1 ± 9.8a |
| First-phase C-peptide (pmol/liter) | 2458.5 ± 129.3 | 2316 ± 224.4 | 2369 ± 112.1 | 1745 ± 163.5 |
| Second-phase insulin (μU/ml) | 265.6 ± 24.9 | 292.6 ± 43.7 | 335.3 ± 65 | 206.3 ± 35.2 |
| Second-phase C-peptide (pmol/liter) | 4407 ± 203 | 4252 ± 255.2 | 4079 ± 270.6 | 4153.2 ± 497a |
| HOMA-IR | 7.26 ± 0.5 | 10.1 ± 1.13a | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 10.2 ± 1.5a |
| Glucose disposal rate (mg/kg·LBM·min) | 8.5 ± 0.67 | 9.06 ± 0.58 | 6.5 ± 0.52a | 5.47 ± 0.97a |
| HGP (mg/kg·LBM·min) | 3.08 ± 0.16 | 3.87 ± 0.432 | 4.27 ± 0.364 | 3.69 ± 0.65 |
| Hepatic IR (FPI × HGP) | 93.7 ± 6.5 | 136.9 ± 20.31a | 156.3 ± 17.2a | 164.5 ± 74.2a |
| Hepatic IR (BSR × HGP) | 19.4 ± 1.3 | 27 ± 0.42a | 29.5 ± 3.1a | 29.1 ± 6.4a |
| Glucagon (pg/ml) | 75.5 ± 3.53 | 75.7 ± 9.2 | 68.8 ± 6.1 | 62.8 ± 5.6 |
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 33.5 ± 2.8 | 29.8 ± 3.5 | 28.9 ± 2.98 | 33.2 ± 3.25 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 6.64 ± 0.52 | 8.6 ± 0.88 | 6.17 ± 0.77 | 6.8 ± 0.83 |
| FFA (μmol/liter) | 536.7 ± 23.7 | 619.2 ± 48.2 | 613.5 ± 32.5 | 594.4 ± 32.9 |
Data are means ± sem. Mean absolute values are given for first- and second-phase insulin and C-peptide concentrations. IR, Insulin resistance.
a
P < 0.05.