Table 3.
CVD risk factors by MVPA, adjusted for age and sexual maturation, Project HeartBeat!, 1991–1995
| Boys (n=236)a MVPA (min/day) | Girls (n=253)a MVPA (min/day) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lowb (n=59) | Moderateb (n=69) | Highb (n=108) | Low (n=99) | Moderate (n=82) | High (n=72) | |||||||
| Variables | Mc | SEc | M | SE | M | SE | M | SE | M | SE | M | SE |
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2394 | 100.7 | 2432 | 93.2 | 2404 | 74.5 | 2084 | 74.5 | 2094 | 72.2 | 2225 | 77.1 |
| Protein (g/day) | 88 | 4.2 | 87 | 3.9 | 85 | 3.1 | 73 | 3.1 | 70 | 3.0 | 78 | 3.2 |
| Protein (% kcal/day) | 15 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.2 | 14 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.3 | 14 | 0.3 |
| Carbohydrate (g/day) | 310 | 12.8 | 314 | 11.9 | 316 | 9.5 | 269 | 9.5 | 286 | 10.4 | 299 | 11.1 |
| Carbohydrate (% kcal/day) | 52 | 0.7 | 52 | 0.7 | 53 | 0.5 | 52 | 0.5 | 54 | 0.7 | 54 | 0.8 |
| Total fat (g/day) | 93 | 4.7 | 96 | 4.3 | 93 | 3.4 | 83 | 3.4 | 79 | 3.3 | 84 | 3.5 |
| Total fat (% kcal/day) | 35 | 0.6 | 35 | 0.6 | 35 | 0.5 | 36 | 0.5 | 34 | 0.6 | 34 | 0.6 |
| Saturated fat (g/day) | 35 | 1.7 | 35 | 1.6 | 35 | 1.3 | 30 | 1.3 | 29 | 1.2 | 31 | 1.3 |
| Saturated fat (% kcal/day) | 13 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.2 | 12 | 0.2 | 13 | 0.2 |
| Cholesterol (mg/day) | 269 | 15.7 | 266 | 14.5 | 273 | 11.6 | 229 | 11.6 | 220 | 11.8 | 247 | 12.6 |
| Fiber (g/day) | 15 | 0.8 | 16 | 0.7 | 15 | 0.6 | 13 | 0.6 | 14 | 0.6 | 15 | 0.6 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 1244 | 75.8 | 1244 | 70.1 | 1189 | 56.0 | 1018 | 56.0 | 1031 | 59.6 | 1154 | 63.6 |
| TV viewing (min/day) | 124 | 11.9 | 89 | 11.0 | 92 | 8.8 | 120* | 8.8 | 71 | 11.7 | 84 | 12.5 |
| MPA (min/day) | 4 | 5.6 | 16 | 5.2 | 43 | 4.1 | 2 | 4.1 | 12 | 2.1 | 23 | 2.3 |
| VPA (min/day) | 8 | 7.8 | 41 | 7.2 | 121 | 5.7 | 9 | 5.7 | 39 | 3.9 | 120 | 4.2 |
| MVPA (min/day) | 12 | 6.9 | 56 | 6.4 | 164 | 5.1 | 11 | 5.1 | 52 | 3.5 | 144 | 3.7 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 101 | 0.9 | 102 | 0.9 | 102 | 0.7 | 99 | 0.7 | 99 | 0.8 | 102 | 0.9 |
| DBP4 (mmHg) | 65 | 0.8 | 66 | 0.7 | 65 | 0.6 | 65 | 0.6 | 64 | 0.7 | 65 | 0.7 |
| DBP5 (mmHg) | 54 | 1.0 | 58 | 1.0 | 55 | 0.8 | 56 | 0.8 | 55 | 0.8 | 56 | 0.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19 | 0.4 | 18 | 0.4 | 19 | 0.3 | 20 | 0.3 | 19 | 0.4 | 19 | 0.5 |
| PBF (%) | 21 | 1.0 | 22 | 0.9 | 22 | 0.7 | 27 | 0.7 | 25 | 0.8 | 25 | 0.9 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 65 | 1.0 | 65 | 0.9 | 65 | 0.7 | 64 | 0.7 | 61 | 0.8 | 61 | 0.8 |
| Plasma cholesterol (mg/dL) | 160 | 3.3 | 161 | 3.1 | 160 | 2.5 | 158 | 2.5 | 162 | 3.1 | 165 | 3.3 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 53 | 1.5 | 53 | 1.4 | 51 | 1.1 | 49 | 1.1 | 52 | 1.2 | 49 | 1.3 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 91 | 3.0 | 93 | 2.8 | 92 | 2.2 | 93 | 2.2 | 96 | 3.0 | 98 | 3.2 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 78 | 5.4 | 73 | 5.0 | 83 | 4.0 | 82 | 4.0 | 77 | 4.5 | 87 | 4.8 |
*
Bold indicates significant differences (p<0.05) between MVPA categories, within gender.
a
N=489 (236 boys and 253 girls) because of missing serum values
b
Low=0–30 minutes; moderate=31–89 minutes; high=≥90 minutes
c
From ANCOVA, adjusted for pubertal stage with age as covariate
DBP4, fourth-phase diastolic blood pressure; DBP5, fifth-phase diastolic blood pressure; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MPA, moderate physical activity; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; PBF, percent body fat; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VPA, vigorous physical activity