Fig. 3.

Transduction of GFP and GFP-TAT into astrocytes. Astrocytes in monoculture, grown either in serum-containing medium or serum-free Neurobasal medium, and astrocytes in coculture with neurons were incubated in 100 µg/mL GFP or GFP-TAT for 4 hours, and transduction was quantified using flow cytometry. Cell type was confirmed by GFAP immunofluorescence after trypsinization. The percent increase in geometric mean fluorescence compared to untreated control cells was calculated, to account for background autofluorescence (n>6, error bars: ±SEM). TAT significantly enhanced GFP transduction into all three astrocyte cultures compared to GFP. *Significance from Student’s t-test (p<0.05). Overall GFP-TAT transduction into cocultures was significantly less than into astrocyte monocultures grown in serum medium and serum-free medium. ^#Significance from Bonferroni post-hoc test (p<0.05).