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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Neurobiol. 2009 Feb 6;39(2):73–80. doi: 10.1007/s12035-009-8053-4

Figure 2. AMPH-Induced DAT Efflux is Regulated by Second Messengers.

Figure 2

A model of AMPH-induced regulation of DAT mediated DA efflux via intracellular signaling pathways. AMPH transport via DAT into the intracellular milieu results in an increase in both intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ levels. As a consequence, PKC and CaMKII activation initiates both phosphorylation of the N-terminus of DAT and enhancement of DAT/SYN1A association, shifting the transporter from a ‘reluctant’ to a ‘willing’ state for efflux.