Figure 2.

The principle of deformation-based morphometry (DBM). Left: This example shows two T₁ images of a male patient with schizophrenia at his first episode and after 7 months. In the close-up views at the bottom, the enlarged lateral ventricles at the second time point can be clearly seen. The principle of DBM is to warp the second scan to the baseline scan by introducing high-dimensional deformations. Once this is achieved, the differences between both images are encoded in the deformations applied for the warp. These deformations can then be used to calculate volume changes by way of the Jacobian determinant (right image).