Table 2.
Health characteristics by incident hip fracture and mortality status.
| Characteristic | Proportion with characteristic by fracture status: | Mortality by characteristic and fracture status: | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incident Hip Fracture (N=730) | No Hip Fracture (N=24,448) | Incident Hip Fracture N (%) | No Hip Fracture N (%) | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Previous smoker | 35% | 46% | 99/248 (35%)§ | 2641/10888 (21%) |
| Current smoker | 11% | 12% | 22/65 (29%)§ | 696/2555 (24%) |
| Health status | ||||
| Excellent health | 12% | 16% | 26/87 (25%)§ | 448/3629 (10%) |
| Good health | 57% | 59% | 147/413 (32%)§ | 2821/14049 (17%) |
| Fair, poor or missing health | 32% | 25% | 99/230 (39%)§ | 3093/6770 (41%) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI)+ | ||||
| Low (<21kg/m2 men, <20 women) | 8% | 3% | 28/65 (42%) | 537/889 (55%) |
| High (>32 kg/m2men, >30 women) | 8% | 18% | 19/52 (32%)§ | 727/3956 (16%) |
| Self-reported conditions | ||||
| Previous hip fracture+ | 11% | 4% | 28/81 (31%) | 638/1255 (45%) |
| Parkinson’s disease | 3% | 2% | 12/25 (45%) | 264/467 (51%) |
| Stroke | 17% | 11% | 63/132 (46%)§ | 1404/3065 (41%) |
| Osteoarthritis | 12% | 10% | 123/310 (37%)§ | 3083/11169 (22%) |
| Osteoporosis | 20% | 12% | 49/148 (31%)§ | 878/3073 (24%) |
| Vision problems | 11% | 8% | 38/90 (41%)§ | 932/2236 (37%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14% | 17% | 41/101 (34%) | 1485/4301 (30%) |
| Dementia | 11% | 5% | 55/95 (59%) | 1129/1625 (65%) |
| Iezzoni comorbidities determined from claims data | ||||
| Cancer solid tumors | 2% | 2 % | 22/49 (44%) | 592/1323 (42%) |
| Lymphomas or leukemia | <1% | <1% | -- | 81/122 (65%) |
| Chronic pulmonary+ | 6% | 3% | 52/113 (43%) | 856/1789 (44%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 3% | 2 % | 27/64 (41%) | 518/1793 (33%) |
| Congestive heart failure+ | 4% | 2 % | 56/103 (51%) | 1133/1793 (60%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease+ | 3% | 1 % | 18/42 (37%)§ | 418/830 (47%) |
| Severe chronic liver | <1% | <1% | -- | 28/42 (40%) |
| Diabetes w/end organ damage | 1% | 1% | -- | 199/469 (40%) |
| Functional impairment+ | 1% | <1% | 14/25 (56%) | 163/256 (62%) |
| Chronic renal failure | 1% | <1% | 14/20 (59%) | 227/305 (71%) |
| Nutritional deficiency+ | 1% | <1% | 21/31 (64%) | 259/330 (78%) |
| Schizophrenia | <1% | <1% | -- | 33/63 (49%) |
+
p < 0.05 for association between characteristic and hip fracture incidence after adjusting for age, sex and race;
§
p < 0.05 for the logrank test comparing mortality between those with and without incident hip fracture within each row;
--
suppressed because n<11.