Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants.

Characteristic	Men (N=235)	Women (N=360)
*Clinical Data*
Age, yrs	54±9	55±9
Body mass index, kg/m²	27.1±3.8	25.5±4.9
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	119±10	115±13
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	75±7	70±8
Optimal BP, %	48.9	59.7
Normal BP %	27.7	21.7
Diabetes, %	5.5	2.2
Current cigarette smoking, %	14.0	18.1
Weight change, %	0.7±5.3	1.1±6.5
Sex-specific LVID and LVWT distributions, %
LVID and LVWT <50^th percentile	73.6	72.2
LVID or LVWT >90^th percentile	26.4	27.8
*Matrix remodeling markers, ng/mL*
TIMP-1, median IQR	776 (154)	734 (148)
PIIINP, median IQR	3.08 (1.47)	3.03 (1.55)
MMP-9, % detectable	17.5	17.3

All values are mean ± standard deviation or otherwise indicated

Optimal blood pressure, systolic <120 mm Hg and diastolic <80 mm Hg; normal blood pressure, systolic 120-129 mm Hg or diastolic 80-84 mm Hg; high normal blood pressure, systolic 130-139 mm Hg or diastolic 85-89 mm Hg.

TIMP-1: tissue inhibitor of metalloprotein-1; MMP-9: matrix metalloprotein-9; PIIINP: procollagen III N terminal peptide; LVID: Left ventricular internal dimension; LVWT: left ventricular wall thickness