Table 4.
Risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small-for-gestational-age among the live born children of female cancer survivors, in relation to alkylating score*
| Chemotherapy | Preterm, N (%)† |
Full term, N (%)† |
OR (95% CI) | P‡ | LBW, N (%)§ |
Non-LBW, N (%)§ |
OR (95% CI) | P‡ | SGA, N (%)∥ |
Non-SGA, N (%)∥ |
OR (95% CI) | P‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkylating score |
||||||||||||
| No chemo treatment |
92 (18.4) | 409 (81.6) | 1.0 (referent) | 31 (6.1) | 476 (93.4) | 1.0 (referent) | 39 (8.0) | 448 (92.0) | 1.0 (referent) | |||
| 0 (nonalkylator only) |
84 (20.3) | 330 (79.7) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.9) | .85 | 48 (11.5) | 371 (88.5) | 1.5 (0.6 to 4.1) | .42 | 41 (10.4) | 353 (89.6) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.2) | .83 |
| 1 | 73 (22.5) | 252 (77.5) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.2) | .33 | 30 (9.1) | 299 (90.9) | 1.3 (0.5 to 3.1) | .60 | 24 (7.8) | 284 (92.2) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.9) | .87 |
| 2 | 48 (21.2) | 178 (78.8) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.8) | .82 | 18 (8.0) | 207 (92.0) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.0) | .46 | 19 (8.8) | 198 (91.2) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.9) | .67 |
| 3 | 51 (25.4) | 150 (74.6) | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.7) | .09 | 21 (10.2) | 184 (89.8) | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.9) | .96 | 18 (9.2) | 178 (90.8) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.4) | .74 |
Odds ratios were adjusted for index cancer diagnosis, radiation dose to uterus, maternal age, birth order, sex of child, maternal drinking of alcohol during pregnancy, maternal smoking of cigarettes during pregnancy, and the use of assisted reproductive technology. Odds ratios for low birth weight were further adjusted for gestational week at birth. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; LBW = low birth weight; SGA = small-for-gestational-age.
Preterm birth = less than 37 weeks gestation; full-term birth = 37 weeks gestation or longer. Children (N = 534) were excluded from the preterm birth analysis due to missing data regarding gestational age (N = 90), chemotherapy treatment of their mother (N = 427), or both (N = 17).
P values (two-sided) were calculated based on a z score using empirical standard error estimates derived from a logistic regression model using generalized estimating equations.
LBW = birth weight less than 2.5 kg; Non-LBW = birth weight 2.5 kg or greater. Children (N = 516) were excluded from the LBW analysis due to missing data regarding birth weight (N = 72), chemotherapy treatment of their mother (N = 423), or both (N = 21).
SGA = birth weight in the bottom 10th percentile for infants of the same sex born on the same gestational week, using the standard of Alexander et al. (19). Children (N = 599) were excluded from the SGA analysis due to missing data regarding birth weight or gestational age (N = 155), chemotherapy treatment of their mother (N = 404), or both (N = 40).