Table 7.
Risk of a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth among the live-born children of female childhood cancer survivors, by radiation treatment and organ dose*
| SGA, N (%)† | Non-SGA, N (%)† |
OR (95% CI) | P‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not treated with any radiation |
46 (7.8) | 547 (92.2) | 1.0 (referent) | |
| Radiation dose to uterus, cGy |
||||
| 0–10 | 39 (8.7) | 409 (91.3) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.1) | .66 |
| 10–50 | 21 (8.2) | 236 (91.8) | 1.3 (0.6 to 2.8) | .46 |
| 50–250§ | 20 (7.3) | 256 (92.8) | 1.0 (0.4 to 2.2) | .92 |
| 250–500 | 3 (5.7) | 50 (94.3) | 1.3 (0.3 to 4.8) | .70 |
| >500 | 8 (18.2) | 36 (81.8) | 4.0 (1.6 to 9.8) | .003 |
| Radiation dose to ovary, cGy∥ |
||||
| 0–10 | 36 (8.9) | 369 (91.1) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.2) | .61 |
| 10–20 | 8 (7.0) | 106 (93.0) | 0.8 (0.3 to 2.5) | .75 |
| 20–50 | 14 (9.2) | 138 (90.8) | 1.4 (0.6 to 3.3) | .46 |
| 50–100 | 7 (5.2) | 127 (94.8) | 0.7 (0.2 to 2.2) | .57 |
| >100 | 3 (8.8) | 31 (91.2) | 1.2 (0.2 to 6.7) | .81 |
| Radiation dose to pituitary, cGy |
||||
| 0–50 | 20 (8.6) | 213 (91.4) | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.4) | .14 |
| 50–250 | 35 (7.9) | 408 (92.1) | 1.7 (0.7 to 4.7) | .27 |
| 250–2000 | 5 (4.7) | 101 (95.3) | 0.3 (0.1 to 1.4) | .12 |
| >2000 | 30 (10.6) | 252 (89.4) | 1.1 (0.6 to 2.1) | .69 |
Odds ratios were adjusted for index cancer diagnosis, alkylating score category, maternal age, birth order, sex of child, maternal drinking of alcohol during pregnancy, maternal smoking of cigarettes during pregnancy, and the use of assisted reproductive technology. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
SGA = birth weight in the bottom 10th percentile for infants of the same sex born on the same gestational week, using the standard of Alexander et al. (19). Children missing data regarding gestational age or birth weight (N = 195) were excluded from the analysis, as were an additional 335 children missing data to calculate uterine dose, 337 children missing data to calculate ovarian dose, and 349 children missing data to calculate pituitary dose (from those site-specific analyses).
P values (two-sided) were calculated based on a z score using empirical standard error estimates derived from a logistic regression model using generalized estimating equations.
This category includes survivors exposed to 50–100 cGy (49%) and 100 –250 cGy (51%).
Maximum radiation dose to either ovary. Analyses limited to female survivors with a uterine radiation dose of <100 cGy.