Table 3.
Serum and urine biochemistry at the end of the low- and high-protein diets and changes in these measurements with an increase in dietary protein in the two groups
| Low protein (mean ± sd) | High protein (mean ± sd) | Change (mean ± sd) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | |||
| IGF-I (ng/ml) | |||
| Placebo | 95.9 ± 31.7 | 120.2 ± 33.2 | 24.3 ± 18.1 |
| KHCO3 | 136.4 ± 41.3a | 139.4 ± 25.3b | 3.0 ± 25.6c |
| IGFBP-3 (μg/ml) | |||
| Placebo | 4.12 ± 0.69 | 4.24 ± 0.72 | 0.12 ± 0.44 |
| KHCO3 | 4.57 ± 1.09 | 4.57 ± 0.70 | 0.00 ± 0.54 |
| Osteocalcin (ng/ml) | |||
| Placebo | 6.2 ± 2.6 | 6.9 ± 4.3 | 0.6 ± 3.6 |
| KHCO3 | 6.7 ± 3.8 | 6.6 ± 2.9 | −0.1 ± 2.6 |
| PTH (pg/ml) | |||
| Placebo | 46.2 ± 10.6 | 39.3 ± 12.8 | −6.9 ± 8.8 |
| KHCO3 | 35.2 ± 13.8 | 38.8 ± 13.3 | 3.6 ± 8.9c |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | |||
| Placebo | 9.15 ± 0.40 | 9.00 ± 0.27 | −0.14 ± 0.39 |
| KHCO3 | 9.02 ± 0.21 | 8.96 ± 0.54 | −0.07 ± 0.60 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dl) | |||
| Placebo | 3.71 ± 0.40 | 3.49 ± 0.42 | −0.22 ± 0.38 |
| KHCO3 | 3.57 ± 0.52 | 3.43 ± 0.55 | −0.13 ± 0.37 |
| 24-h urine | |||
| UCr (g) | |||
| Placebo | 1.03 ± 0.25 | 1.20 ± 0.29 | 0.17 ± 0.42 |
| KHCO3 | 1.04 ± 0.39 | 1.30 ± 0.39 | 0.26 ± 0.21 |
| 24-h urine corrected for creatinine | |||
| UNi/Cr (g/g) | |||
| Placebo | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 11.3 ± 2.2 | 7.1 ± 2.4 |
| KHCO3 | 5.9 ± 3.0 | 9.7 ± 2.4 | 3.8 ± 3.0c |
| UCa/Cr (mg/g) | |||
| Placebo | 101.0 ± 48.4 | 121.3 ± 70.9 | 20.3 ± 52.4 |
| KHCO3 | 108.7 ± 60.4 | 110.0 ± 62.1 | 1.3 ± 26.8 |
| UNTX/Cr (nmol/mmol) | |||
| Placebo | 41.0 ± 15.2 | 40.4 ± 19.1 | −0.6 ± 14.0 |
| KHCO3 | 37.1 ± 10.5 | 35.1 ± 7.0 | −2.0 ± 5.8 |
| UNa/Cr (mEq/g) | |||
| Placebo | 99.1 ± 28.5 | 93.8 ± 24.1 | −5.2 ± 37.4 |
| KHCO3 | 136.4 ± 42.8a | 107.3 ± 25.2 | −29.2 ± 34.9 |
| UK/Cr (mEq/g) | |||
| Placebo | 53.9 ± 15.1 | 49.5 ± 17.7 | −4.3 ± 18.7 |
| KHCO3 | 140.2 ± 55.0a | 110.9 ± 28.2a | −29.3 ± 38.1 |
| NAE/Cr (mEq/g) | |||
| Placebo | 10.2 ± 9.1 | 33.9 ± 8.2 | 31.9 ± 24.3 |
| KHCO3 | −55.0 ± 34.6a | −23.1 ± 22.0a | 23.7 ± 12.4 |
| Calcium absorption | |||
| Fractional calcium absorption (%) | |||
| Placebo | 16.6 ± 7.6 | 16.3 ± 5.2 | −0.27 ± 7.6 |
| KHCO3 | 23.7 ± 6.3a | 23.5 ± 10.0d | −0.3 ± 7.0 |
To convert values for IGF-1to μg/liter, multiply by 1.0; osteocalcin to μg/liter, multiply by 0.17; serum PTH to pmol/liter, multiply by 0.11; serum calcium to mmol/liter, multiply by 0.25; serum phosphorus to mmol/liter, multiply by 0.32; UCr to mmol, multiply by 8.84; UNi/Cr to mmol/mmol, multiply by 4.04; UCa/Cr ratio to mmol/mol, multiply by 2.82.
a
Differs from placebo group within diet at P < 0.05.
b
Differs from placebo group within diet at P = 0.05.
c
Change differs from placebo group at P < 0.05.
d
Differs from placebo group within diet at P = 0.064.