Table 2. Behavioral theory concepts as addressed by the PAL intervention and evaluation.

Concept	Intervention	Evaluation
Reciprocal determinism	Provided intervention in community settings close to participant's homes	Not evaluated
Behavioral capacity	13 weeks of supervised intervention with a qualified fitness professional to increase knowledge and skills for weight training Lymphedema education session	Attendance at 13 weeks of session as predictor of longer term attendance and physiologic outcomes Attendance at lymphedema education session
Expectations	13 weeks of supervised intervention with a qualified fitness professional to increase knowledge and skills for weight training Regular contact (at least monthly) after the initial 13 weeks between trainers and participants for the remainder of the year to ensure expectations of the study and the participant were clear Lymphedema education session	Outcome expectancies survey [94] Focus groups to ask participants if their expectations were met
Self-efficacy	13 weeks of supervised intervention with a qualified fitness professional Taught the nine weight training exercises over 8 sessions. Very gradual progression toward doing full exercise protocol to promote self-confidence	Sallis Exercise Self-Efficacy Survey [95]
Social support	Small group training (peer-to peer support) Trainer phone calls when participants missed calls (leader to participant support) Regular contact (at least monthly) between trainers and participants after the initial 13 weeks	Sallis Exercise Social Support Survey [96]
Modeling	Small group training so that most groups had at least one high attender (> 75% of sessions completed)	Ability to compare whether women with at least one small group member with high attendance were more likely to attend regularly as well
Reinforcements	Incentives: water bottle at 3 months, gym bag at 6 months, weight training gloves at 12 months PAL event: Celebrating Survival	Focus groups to assess whether participants liked the incentives and PAL event