. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2009 May 3;34(9):723–729. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.04.011

Table 2.

Multivariate correlates of non-fatal overdose and suicide attempt history

	Non-fatal overdose only (n=480) ^a	Suicide attempt only (n=138) ^a	Both behaviours (n=278) ^a

	OR (95% CI) ^b
Age	OR 1.03 (1.01–1.04) ^*	not significant	not significant
Route of administration (ever injected opioids)	OR 6.45 (2.22–18.87) ^**	not significant	OR 4.37 (1.23–15.63)^*
High impulsivity	OR 1.43 (1.03–1.98) ^*	not significant	not significant
Lifetime sedative dependence	OR 1.52 (1.11–2.07) ^*	not significant	OR 2.07 (1.45–2.96)^**
Major depressive episode	not significant	OR 1.98 (1.23–3.21) ^*	OR 1.71 (1.17–2.51)^*
Gender (female)	not significant	OR 1.52 (1.01–2.35)^*	not significant
Screening positive for BPD	not significant	OR 1.82 (1.13–2.94)^*	OR 2.29 (1.55–3.34)^**
Lifetime anxiety disorder (PTSD or panic disorder)	not significant	OR 1.62 (1.04–2.53) ^*	OR 1.48 (1.04–2.12)^*
Any childhood abuse (physical or sexual)	not significant	not significant	OR 2.23 (1.39–3.57)^**
Longest period daily opioid use (in years)	not significant	not significant	OR 1.04 (1.00–1.07)^*
Lifetime psycho-stimulant dependence (cocaine or stimulants)	not significant	not significant	OR 1.52 (1.03–2.23)^*

p<0.05

^**

p<0.001

Reference category: no history of a non-fatal opioid overdose or a suicide attempt

OR from multiple logistic regression including all variables listed here: age, gender, alcohol dependence, sedative dependence, psycho-stimulant dependence (cocaine or stimulants), major depressive episode, BPD, an anxiety disorder (PTSD or panic disorder), route of administration (ever injected opioids), longest period of daily opioid use, childhood maltreatment (sexual or physical abuse), high impulsivity.