Table 2.
Histopathology and C4d staining of biopsies
| Biopsy findings | C4d staining | Total (n=368) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diffuse(n=35) | Focal(n=77) | Negative(n=256) | |||
| Normal | 2 (5.5%) | 4(5.1%) | 22(8.6%) | 28(7.6%) | 0.56 |
| All ACR | 12(40%) | 38(49.4%) | 61(23.8%)* | 111(30.2%) | <0.001 |
| IA/IB | 12(34.2%) | 24(31.2%) | 47(18.4%) | 83(22.5%) | 0.01 |
| IIA/IIB | 2 (5.7%) | 13(16.8%) | 13(5%) | 28(7.6%) | 0.01 |
| III | 0(0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 1(0.4%) | 2(0.4%) | 0.57 |
| Borderline | 2(5.7%) | 4(5.1%) | 10(3.3%) | 16(4.3%) | 0.81 |
| Plasma cell rich infiltrate | 3(8.5%) | 3(5.7%) | 9(4.9%) | 15(4.1%) | 0.49 |
| Glomerular diseases | 5(14.3%) | 9(11.7%) | 43(16.8%) | 57(15.5%) | 0.54 |
| Transplant Glomerulopathy | 7(20%) | 4(5.1%)* | 14(5.4%)* | 25(6.7%) | 0.01 |
| IF/TA | 2(5.7%) | 17(22%) | 42(16.4%) | 61(16.5%) | 0.11 |
| CNI toxicity | 5(14.3%) | 10(13.1%) | 56(21.8%) | 71(19.3%) | 0.16 |
| ATI | 0(0%) | 4(5.1%) | 26(10.0%) | 30(8.3%) | 0.08 |
| AIN | 3(8.5%) | 4(5.1%) | 25(9.8%) | 32(8.7%) | 0.45 |
| Interstitial hemorrhage | 3(8.5%) | 2(2.6%) | 3(1.2%)* | 8(2.1%) | 0.02 |
| Capillaritis | 22(62.9%) | 45(58.4%) | 68(26.6%)* | 135(36.7%) | <0.001 |
| Glomerulitis | 20(57.1%) | 26(33.8%)* | 46(18%)* | 92(25%) | <0.001 |
ACR: acute cellular rejection, IF/TA: interstitial fibrosis/ tubular atrophy, CNI: calcineurin inhibitor, ATI: acute tubular injury, AIN: acute interstitial nephritis
*
Significantly less in these groups