Table 1. Characteristics of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) According to the Presence of Cardiogenic Shock.
Total Sample | Patients Hospitalized in 2001, 2003, and 2005 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shock Present (+) (n=905) |
Shock Absent (-) (n=12,758) |
p Value | Shock Present (+) (n=173) |
Shock Absent (-) (n=3,126) |
p Value | |
Characteristic | ||||||
Age (mean, yrs) | 71.8 | 68.7 | <0.001 | 72.6 | 71.5 | 0.32 |
Male (%) | 53.4 | 58.9 | <0.01 | 57.8 | 55.3 | 0.51 |
Body mass index (%) | ||||||
<25 | 40.3 | 36.5 | 0.10 | 38.5 | 33.8 | 0.09 |
25-29.9 | 38.0 | 36.3 | 40.8 | 36.9 | ||
≥30 | 21.7 | 27.2 | 20.8 | 29.4 | ||
Duration of prehospital delay (mean, hrs)** | 2.0 | 3.6 | 0.10 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 0.69 |
Do not resuscitate orders*** | 42.8 | 20.6 | <0.001 | 41.0 | 25.1 | <0.001 |
Pre-Existing Conditions (%) | ||||||
Angina | 25.4 | 24.9 | 0.43 | 20.2 | 20.4 | 0.97 |
Diabetes | 32.2 | 27.8 | <0.01 | 41.0 | 33.2 | <0.05 |
Heart failure | 23.2 | 18.8 | <0.001 | 28.3 | 24.9 | 0.31 |
Hypertension | 56.4 | 57.7 | 0.43 | 74.0 | 72.4 | 0.65 |
Stroke | 11.3 | 9.6 | 0.12 | 6.4 | 12.4 | <0.05 |
Acute Presenting Symptoms (%) | ||||||
Chest pain* | 69.0 | 72.7 | 0.16 | 68.2 | 72.2 | 0.26 |
Diaphoresis* | 39.6 | 37.6 | 0.48 | 36.4 | 36.4 | 0.99 |
Dyspnea* | 64.5 | 57.5 | <.05 | 65.9 | 60.0 | 0.12 |
AMI type (%) | ||||||
Initial | 60.0 | 65.5 | <0.01 | 60.7 | 65.2 | 0.23 |
Q wave | 56.2 | 39.7 | <0.001 | 30.1 | 19.6 | <0.01 |
Clinical Complications (%) | ||||||
Third degree heart block | 15.7 | 3.3 | <0.001 | 9.8 | 2.1 | <0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation | 30.3 | 16.2 | <0.001 | 45.1 | 20.5 | <0.001 |
Heart failure | 69.4 | 37.4 | <0.001 | 75.1 | 36.9 | <0.001 |
Stroke** | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.62 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 0.48 |
Physiologic findings at the time of hospital admission (mean) | ||||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.5 | 143.7 | <0.001 | 118.5 | 143.5 | <0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 69.2 | 77.8 | <0.001 | 68.6 | 77.0 | <0.001 |
Heart rate (bpm)** | 88.1 | 86.2 | 0.05 | 90.1 | 86.8 | 0.08 |
Laboratory findings at the time of hospital admission (mean, mg/dl) | ||||||
Serum glucose**** | 228.7 | 182.1 | <0.001 | 221.2 | 183.0 | <0.01 |
Estimated GFR findings (%)**** | 51.0 | 61.3 | <0.001 | 50.5 | 58.5 | <0.001 |
Serum cholesterol | 194.3 | 208.7 | <0.001 | 156.3 | 177.6 | <0.001 |
97-05 only
86-05 only
91-05 only
95-05 only