Table 2.
Investigational B cell-directed biological therapies for treating autoimmune disorders.
| Diseases |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agent | Pharmaceutical company | Target | Form | Phases I/II | Phase III |
| Anti-CD20 therapies | |||||
| Ocrelizumab | Genentech/Roche/Biogen-Idec | CD20 | Humanized mAb | RA MS (RR) RA | RA SLE (lupus nephritis) |
| Ofatumumab | GSK/Genmab | CD20 | Human mAb | RA MS | RA |
| Veltuzumab | Nycomed/Immunomedics | CD20 | Humanized mAb | ITP | |
| SBI-087 Tru-015 | Wyeth/Trubion | CD20 | SMIP | RA SLE | |
| Anti-CD22 therapies | |||||
| Epratuzumab | UCB/Immunomedics | CD22 | Humanized mAb | SLE | |
| Anti-CD19 therapies | |||||
| MDX-1342 | Medarex | CD19 | Human mAb | RA | |
| BAFF and APRIL Blockers | |||||
| Belimumab | GSK/Human Genome Sciences | BlyS (BAFF) | Human mAb | RA | SLE |
| Atacicept | EMD Serono | BAFF April | TACI-Ig receptor | RAa MS | SLE |
| A-623 | Anthera Pharmaceuticals | BAFF | Peptide fusion protein | SLE | |
| CD40 – CD40L blockers | |||||
| Ruplizumab (hu5c8; BG9588) | Biogen-IDEC | CD40L (CD154) | Humanized mAb | SLE ITP | terminated (thrombotic events) |
| Toralizumab (IDEC-131) | Biogen-IDEC | CD40L (CD154) | Humanized mAb | SLE ITP | terminated (thrombotic events) |
a
Alone and in combination after rituximab therapy. ITP, immune thrombocytopenic purpura; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; MS, multiple sclerosis; MS (RR), MS relapsing–remitting; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; mAb, monoclonal antibody; BAFF, B cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family.