Fig. 1.
The fully aromatic pteridine ring of folic acid (FA) presents a considerable barrier to the action of DHFR. Compared to 7,8-DHF, FA requires the loss of more resonance stabilization energy during the initial unsaturation of its pyrazine moiety. Thus, the Vmax for DHFR with FA is typically several orders-of-magnitude slower than with 7,8-DHR, regardless of the source of the enzyme. Glu, glutamate.