Fig. 1.

Naïve gal3^−/− CD4⁺ T cells are hyperresponsive. (A) Purified naïve CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with plate-bound anti-CD3/CD28 and the concentrations of secreted IFN-γ and IL-4 in the media were measured, P < 0.05. (B) CD4⁺ T cells purified from gal3^−/− and gal3^+/+ OTII mice were mixed with T cell-depleted splenocytes that were fixed and pulsed with a peptide antigen (OVA323–339), as the APCs. The concentrations of the cytokines in the media were measured, P < 0.05. (C) CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated with PMA and ionomycin and the amounts of the cytokines were measured, P > 0.05. (D) Gal3^+/+ and gal^−/− mice were treated with SEB and their serum IFN-γ levels were measured at different time points. ANOVA, P < 0.005.