Table 3.

Hazard Ratios and 95% CIs for Adjusted Associations of All-Cause Mortality and Fatal CHD^a With a 10-μg/m³ Change in Average Predicted PM₁₀ in the 12 Months Prior to Death for the US Nurses’ Health Study During the Follow-up Period 1992–2002

Model	All-Cause Mortality		Fatal CHD
	Hazard Ratio	95% CI	Hazard Ratio	95% CI
Basicb	1.16	1.05, 1.28	1.43	1.10, 1.86
Smoking	1.12	1.02, 1.23	1.39	1.07, 1.81
Body mass index	1.15	1.05, 1.27	1.40	1.08, 1.82
Diabetes	1.15	1.04, 1.27	1.41	1.08, 1.83
Family history of myocardial infarction	1.16	1.05, 1.28	1.44	1.11, 1.87
Hypercholesterolemia	1.16	1.05, 1.28	1.43	1.10, 1.86
Hypertension	1.15	1.05, 1.27	1.42	1.09, 1.84
Physical activity	1.08	0.98, 1.19	1.34	1.03, 1.74
Median family income	1.16	1.05, 1.28	1.42	1.09, 1.84
Median house value	1.19	1.08, 1.31	1.47	1.13, 1.93
Fullc	1.07	0.97, 1.18	1.30	1.00, 1.71
Full excluding physical activity	1.11	1.01, 1.23	1.35	1.03, 1.77

Abbreviations: CHD, coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; PM₁₀, particulate matter <10 μm in diameter.

^aIncluding sudden deaths.

^bModeled stratifying by age in months, adjusting for state of residence, year, and season.

^cModeled stratifying by age in months, adjusting for state of residence, year, season, smoking status, pack-years of smoking, family history of myocardial infarction, high cholesterol level, diabetes, hypertension, median family income in the census tract of residence, physical activity, and median house value in the census tract of residence.