Table 3.

Combined Effect of Current Smoking, Elevated White Cell Count, Elevated Plasma Fibrinogen, or Infrequent Fish Consumption at Baseline (1992–1994) and the Complement Factor H Gene Variant (Y402H) on the 10-Year Incidence of Age-related Macular Degeneration in the Blue Mountains Eye Study Population^a

AMD Type (no. of no exposure, no. of exposure to nongenetic factors)	Genotype	No Exposure to Nongenetic Factors		Exposure to Nongenetic Factors
		Relative Risk, Age and Sex Adjusted	95% Confidence Interval	Relative Risk, Age and Sex Adjusted	95% Confidence Interval
		Nonsmokerb		Smokerb
Early AMD	TT	1.0		1.29	0.37, 4.49
(n = 1,450, n = 202)	CT/CC	1.66	1.11, 2.46	2.04	0.99, 4.21
Late AMD	TT	1.0		—c
(n = 1,518, n = 216)	CT/CC	2.18	0.86, 5.54	10.67	3.36, 33.91
		WCC < 6.8 × 109/Ld		WCC ≥ 6.8 × 109/Ld
Early AMD	TT	1.0		1.57	0.83, 2.96
(n = 1,060, n = 546)	CT/CC	1.74	1.06, 2.86	2.50	1.45, 4.31
Late AMD	TT	1.0		3.17	0.56, 17.83
(n = 1,108, n = 577)	CT/CC	4.23	0.95, 18.73	6.92	1.52, 31.49
		Fibrinogen <4.3 g/Ld		Fibrinogen ≥ 4.3 g/Ld
Early AMD	TT	1.0		0.54	0.27, 1.11
(n = 1,077, n = 520)	CT/CC	1.20	0.76, 1.89	1.72	1.05, 2.82
Late AMD	TT	1.0		1.42	0.28, 7.28
(n = 1,124, n = 550)	CT/CC	2.68	0.75, 9.57	4.11	1.13, 14.89
		Fish Consumption ≥ 1 Serving per Weeke		Fish Consumption < 1 Serving per Weeke
Early AMD	TT	1.0		1.21	0.64, 2.29
(n = 873, n = 577)	CT/CC	1.76	1.06, 2.90	1.92	1.13, 3.26
Late AMD	TT	1.0		0.68	0.12, 3.82
(n = 908, n = 612)	CT/CC	1.73	0.54, 5.53	3.62	1.17, 11.20

Abbreviation: AMD, age-related macular degeneration; WCC, white cell count.

^aThe referent group is subjects exposed to neither genetic nor nongenetic factors.

^bRelative risks were adjusted for age, sex, white cell count, and fish consumption.

^cThere were no incident cases of late AMD among smokers with the TT genotype.

^dIn the highest versus 2 lower tertiles, relative risks were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and fish consumption.

^eRelative risks were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and white cell count.