Table III. Medical issues most commonly reported in individuals with Emanuel syndrome.

Category	Issue	Percentage
Vision/Ocular	Myopia	38
	Strabismus	33
	Astigmatism	13
	Ptosis	8
	Hyperopia	7
	Other1	22
Hearing Loss	Any degree	72
	Mild to moderate	56
	Moderate to severe	28
	Severe to profound	15
Dentition	Delayed eruption of primary teeth	80
	Misaligned teeth	56
	Crowded teeth	37
	Missing teeth	22
Gastrointestinal	Drooling	74
	Constipation	63
	Failure to thrive	62
	Choking and/or swallowing problems	54
	Gastroesophageal reflux	54
Respiratory	Recurrent chest infections	48
	Aspiration	37
	Snoring	32
	Cough	27
	Supplemental oxygen2	18
Musculoskeletal	Ankle instability	48
	Hip subluxation or dislocation	47
	Scoliosis	32
	Requiring surgery	5
	Requiring bracing	42
	Kyphosis	30
	Joint contractures	15
	Torticollis	15
Immunity	Recurrent ear infections	96
	Recurrent pneumonia	47
	Recurrent sinusitis	33
	Recurrent urinary tract infection	18
	Recurrent oral candidiasis	11
	Low immunoglobulins	19
	Treated with IVIG	9

¹Includes Duane anomaly, optic atrophy, 6^th nerve palsy, tear duct hypoplasia, cataracts, nystagmus and glaucoma

²Outside of newborn period