Table 1.

Characteristics of the 8 Cohort Studies Included in the Pooled Analysis of Cigarette Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer

Cohort	Center	Center Location	Year(s) of Data Collectiona	Cases (n  = 1,481)				Controls (n = 1,539)
				No. of Males/No. of Females	Race, %	Age Range, Years	Total No.	Matching Factors	Data Source	No.
Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study	National Cancer Institute and the National Public Health Institute	Finland	1985–1988	210/0	100% Caucasian	57–85	210	Age at randomization (1–5 years), baseline blood draw (≥30 days)	Baseline	211
CLUE II	John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health	United States	1989	38/5	100% Caucasian	42–94	83	Race, gender, age	Baseline	83
Cancer Prevention Study II	American Cancer Society	United States	1997	89/76	97.6% Caucasian, 0.8% African American, 0.8% Asian, 0.8% other	64–90	165	Race, self-reported ethnicity, gender, date of birth (±6 months), DNA source (blood or buccal), DNA sample provided during the same season and year	Most recent	165
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition	International Agency for Research on Cancer and Imperial College London	Europe	1992–2000 (varied by center)	199/202	>98% Caucasian	37–84	401	Gender, center, age at recruitment (±1 month), date of blood donation (±1 month), time of blood draw (±1 hour), hours between blood draw and last food or drink intake (<3, 3–6, >6)	Baseline	438
New York University Women's Health Study	New York University	United States	1991–1994	0/8	89.5% Caucasian, 10.5% other	48–82	8	Age at enrollment (±6 months), date of enrollment (±3 months), menopausal status at enrollment, race/ethnicity	Most recent	11
Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial	National Cancer Institute	United States	1993–2001	154/99	91.1% Caucasian, 4.7% Asian, 3.2% African American, 1.0% other	56–84	253	Race, gender, ethnicity, center, frequency samples by calendar year of birth (5-year block), gender, broad categories of race, source of DNA (blood or buccal cell), study arm, study center; for intervention arm, additionally stratified sampled by age	Baseline	271
Shanghai Men's and Women's Health Study	Vanderbilt University	China	1996 (F), 2001 (M)	17/61	100% Asian	43–77	78	Race, ethnicity, gender, year of birth (<2 years), menopausal status at baseline, date of sample collection (<30 days), time of sample collection (AM/PM), time interval after the last meal (<2 hours)	Baseline	79
Women's Health Initiative	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center	United States	1992–1998	0/283	85.6% Caucasian, 7.5% African American, 4.1% Asian, 1.8% other, 1.0% missing	53–88	283	Gender, center, race, ethnicity, age at screening, enrollment date, study component, hysterectomy status, menopausal status	Baseline	281

Abbreviations: F, female; M, male.

^aExcept for the Cancer Prevention Study II and the New York University Women's Health Study, year(s) smoking data used in this analysis were collected on the baseline questionnaire. For these 2 studies, earliest year smoking data used in this analysis were collected; updated smoking data were also used.