Table 2.

 Effects of payment by results on measures of unit costs: length of stay (days) and proportion of day cases (change in percentage points)

Treatment group	Control group	Years	Length of stay			Day case proportion
			Change	No*		Change	No*
Foundation trusts	Non-foundation trusts	2003/4-2004/5	0.02†	1091		0.4†	8266
Foundation trusts	Scotland	2003/4-2004/5	−0.08†	2724		0.4†	2810
Non-foundation trusts‡	Scotland‡	2004/5-2005/6	−0.03†	1704		0.8†	6842
Foundation trusts	Scotland	2003/4-2005/6	−0.18†	1248		1.5†	1178

*Number of observations in 1000s.

†Significant at P<0.01.

‡Elective only.