Table 2.

Socio-demographic determinants of having had a Pap smear, reporting unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI (n = 6712)

	Have had a Pap smear
	Unadjusted association			Adjusted association
Demographic	OR	P-value	95% CI	aOR	P-value	95% CI
Characteristics
Aged 18–20i	1.00			1.00
Aged 21–24	4.13	<0.001	3.42–4.99	2.29	<0.001	1.84–2.84
Aged 25–29	13.89	<0.001	11.61–16.62	5.46	<0.001	4.35–6.86
Single	1.00			1.00
Married/co-habiting	7.85	<0.001	6.99–8.82	1.78	<0.001	1.51–2.10
No childrenii	1.00			1.00
One child	11.10	<0.001	9.53–12.93	3.71	<0.001	3.06–4.50
Two or more children	21.89	<0.001	18.57–25.80	4.72	<0.001	3.74–5.96
Partial/completed primaryiii	1.00			1.00
Partial/completed secondary	0.57	<0.001	0.48–0.67	1.42	0.001	1.15–1.77
Post-secondary	0.37	<0.001	0.31–0.45	1.56	<0.001	1.22–2.00
Speaks indigenous languagea	1.18	0.015	1.03–1.35	1.04	0.678	0.86–1.26
Has always lived in this cityb	0.64	<0.001	0.58–0.71	0.73	<0.001	0.64–84
Employment and income
Unemployed and not studying	1.00			1.00
Studying	0.15	<0.001	0.13–0.18	0.84	0.099	0.67–1.03
Working	0.69	<0.001	0.61–0.78	1.08	0.357	0.92–1.26
Family monthly income
Less than S/.500	1.00			1.00
Greater than S/.500	0.76	<0.001	0.68–0.84	0.91	0.170	0.79–1.04
Sexual behavior
Has experienced sexc	131.83	<0.001	59.01–294.50	9.74	<0.001	4.22–22.45
Age of first sex
17 or lessiv	7.34	<0.001	6.20–8.68	2.16	<0.001	1.70–2.76
18–20	5.54	<0.001	4.70–6.53	1.89	<0.001	1.53–2.35
21 or more	1.00			1.00
Number of lifetime sex partners
1v	1.00			1.00
2	1.94	<0.001	1.69–2.23	1.11	0.231	0.93–1.32
3 or more	2.08	<0.001	1.84–2.36	1.26	0.008	1.06–1.48
STI symptoms (current or ever)
Abnormal vaginal discharge	1.42	<0.001	1.28–1.57	1.24	0.001	1.08–1.41
Genital ulcers	1.49	<0.001	1.23–1.81	1.06	0.643	0.82–1.37
Genital warts	1.40	0.006	1.10–1.77	1.02	0.923	0.75–1.38
Region of interview
Coast	1.00			1.00
Sierra	0.73	<0.001	0.65–0.81	0.77	0.001	0.66–0.90
Rainforest	f1.00	0.951	0.86–1.15	0.82	0.037	0.68–0.99
Prob > χ2	–	–		<0.001
Adjusted R2	–	–		0.3209

Adjusted for all variables associated with having had a Pap at P < 0.01, including sexual experience. Reference groups: ^aDoes not speak an indigenous language.

^bHas lived outside the city where they currently reside.

^cHas not had sex.

^i–vP-value for Chi-square test for linear trend in age, number of children, education, age at first sex and number of sexual partners are all <0.001.