Table I.

Descriptive Data (N = 1364)

Variable	Mean (SD)
Demographic variables
Sex	51.69% male
Income: needs ratio	3.56 (2.97)
Mother variables
Parenting	−0.03 (0.87)
Chronic severe depression	2.49% of sample
Chronic moderate depression	15.51% of sample
Child variables
Positive affect	−0.01 (0.62)
Negative affect	−0.00 (0.61)
Externalizing behavior	14.10 (6.69)
Injuries, birth to age 3	0.20 (0.53)
Injuries, age 3 to grade 1	0.56 (0.80)

The parenting and affect scores reflect aggregates of standardized values.