Table 2. Multivariable linear mixed effects models: independent predictors of HIV-1 RNA levels (log10 copies/mL) and CD4+ lymphocyte counts (cells/mm3) during 6 months following first HAART initiation* &.
| Independent Variables | HIV-1 RNA level predictors, Effect (95% CI) | P | CD4+ lymphocyte count predictors, Effect (95% CI) | P |
| Change per month, women who started HAART during pregnancy | −0.06 (−0.09, 0.02) | 0.002 | 30.6 (18.6, 42.9) | <0.001 |
| Interaction term, women who started HAART before pregnancy** | 0.03 (−1.03, 1.09) | 0.96 | −28.1 (−258.5, 202.5) | 0.81 |
| Interaction term, women who started HAART after pregnancy** | 0.45 (0.5, 0.85) | 0.03 | −254.5 (−477.0, −32.2) | 0.03 |
| Baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count, per 100 cells/mm3 increase | 0.01 (−0.12, 0.14) | 0.86 | 50.6 (27.0, 74.2) | <0.001 |
| CD4+ lymphocyte count nadir, per 100 cell/mm3 increase | −0.10 (−0.24, 0.05) | 0.25 | 72.5 (46.1, 99.0) | <0.001 |
| Baseline HIV-1 RNA level, per log10 copies/mL increase | 0.24 (0.06, 0.41) | 0.01 | −0.36 (−31.8, 31.08) | 0.98 |
| Age at first HAART start, per year | −0.02 (−0.04, 0.01) | 0.25 | 3.8 (−1.1, 8.8) | 0.13 |
| Black race | 0.18 (−0.09, 0.44) | 0.19 | 27.9 (−19.7, 75.5) | 0.25 |
| Prior ADE (yes/no) | 0.58 (−0.27, 1.43) | 0.18 | −80.9 (−238.7, 76.9) | 0.32 |
| Prior non-HAART ART use (yes/no) | 0.27 (−0.07, 0.60) | 0.16 | 40.8 (−20.0, 101.5) | 0.19 |
| HAART type | 0.01 (−0.16, 0.18) | 0.87 | −5.4 (−36.9, 26.1) | 0.74 |
| Prior pregnancies (yes/no) | −0.27 (−0.59, 0.05) | 0.10 | −46.1 (−104.6, 12.3) | 0.12 |
| Date of HAART initiation, per year | −0.0004 (−0.0006, −0.0002) | <0.001 | −0.004 (−0.04, 0.03) | 0.83 |
Note: 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. HAART: highly active antiretroviral therapy. CD4+ lymphocyte count nadir: the lowest CD4+ lymphocyte count while in care. ADE: AIDS-defining event. Non-HAART ART: non-HAART antiretroviral therapy.
*
Mixed effect model adjusted for baseline CD4+ lymphocyte count and HIV-1 RNA level, age, race, CD4+ lymphocyte count nadir, prior ADE, prior use of non-HAART ART, HAART type, prior pregnancies, and date of HAART initiation.
&
The reference group was women who started HAART during pregnancy.
**
Interaction terms are equal to the difference in slopes of HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte changes between women who started HAART during pregnancy and those who started HAART before or after pregnancy.