Table 2.

Primary and secondary outcomes in the year after enrolment among participants in a randomized controlled trial of a small-group, interactive education program about asthma

Outcome	Trial group		RR (95% CI)	p value
	Intervention	Control
Primary
Visits to emergency department, per child*	n = 190	n = 190
Mean (SEM)	0.45 (0.07)	0.75 (0.07)	0.62 (0.48–0.81)	0.004‡
Change from baseline	− 0.92	− 0.59
Secondary
Admissions to hospital, per child*	n = 190	n = 190
Mean (SEM)	0.05 (0.02)	0.06 (0.02)	0.90 (0.38–2.1)	0.80‡
Change from baseline	− 0.16	− 0.12
Oral corticosteroid use, courses per child	n = 129	n = 170
Mean (SEM)	0.63 (0.08)	0.85 (0.07)	0.64 (0.50–0.82)	< 0.001‡
Change from baseline	− 0.90	− 0.48
FEV1, % predicted	n = 70	n = 79
Mean (SEM)	90 (1.02)	88 (0.97)		0.36§
Change from baseline	2	0
Workplace productivity of caregiver†	n = 65	n = 79
Mean (SEM)	0.8 (2.4)	5.0 (2.3)		0.04§
Change from baseline	− 17.9	− 7.9
Homes with smokers	n = 129	n = 170
%	34.6	34.5		0.99**
Change from baseline	− 11.2	− 5.7
Homes allowing visitors to smoke	n = 129	n = 170
%	18	30		0.019**
Change from baseline	− 10.8	− 1.1

Note: FEV₁ = forced expiratory volume in 1 second, RR = relative risk, SEM = standard error of mean.

^*Results were based on an intention-to-treat analysis.

^†Calculated based on percentage of total work hours missed during the month before assessment.

^‡Results were based on Poisson regression analysis.

^§Results were based on repeated measures analysis of variance.

^**Results were based on χ² test.