Fig. 1.

Infant growth by HIV status in the first 2 years of life. Adjusted LAZ and WLZ scores by child HIV-uninfected and infected person-time for the first 2 years of life were obtained from restricted cubic splines regression models adjusted for education, age, primiparity, height and CD4+ cell counts of the mother at baseline, infant sex, and birth weight. The adjusted mean differences in attained LAZ scores between those infants who were HIV positive and those who were HIV negative at 6, 12 and 24 months were −0.23 ([−0.39, −0.09] p = 0.003), −0.38 ([−0.52, −0.24] p < 0.001) and −0.63 ([−0.84, −0.41] p < 0.001), respectively. The corresponding adjusted mean differences in WLZ scores were −0.38 ([−0.56, −0.20] p < 0.001), −0.35 ([−0.55, −0.16] p < 0.001) and −0.69 ([−0.95, −0.42] p < 0.001).