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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Res Pers. 2009 Jun;73(3):291–306. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.09.001

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The basic autoregressive structural equation model.

Notes. The variables X1, M1, and Y1 represent the Time 1 independent variable, mediating variable, and dependent variable, respectively. The variables X2, M2, and Y2 represent the Time 2 independent variable, mediating variable, and dependent variable, respectively. The variables ΔX, ΔM, and ΔY represent change in the independent variable, mediating variable, and dependent variable, respectively. The variables eM and eY represent the error terms of change in the mediating variable and change in the dependent variable, respectively. The covariances between (1) ΔX and both M1 and Y1, (2) ΔM and both X1 and Y1, and (3) ΔY and both X1 and M1 were omitted from the figure for clarity. Mediation of the direct relation of ΔX to ΔY can be obtained from the path coefficients labeled a and b. The path coefficient labeled c' represents the direct relation of ΔX to ΔY while controlling for ΔM.