Table 7. Stratified estimates of relapse in RCT in new cases.
| Factor | Studies (N) | Events/Participants (N) | Pooled Event Rate (Across All Trials) | 95% CI | I2 (95% CI) |
| Overall | |||||
| Duration of rifampin | |||||
| Rifampin 1–2 mo | 70 | 367/3,349 | 16.0 | 11.1 to 20.9 | 0.67 (0.58 to 0.74) |
| Rifampin 3–5 mo | 42 | 185/2,389 | 7.1 | 4.5 to 9.7 | 0.65 (0.52 to 0.75) |
| Rifampin 6–7 mo | 171 | 364/8,639 | 3.8 | 2.9 to 4.7 | 0 (0 to 0.19) |
| Rifampin 8+ mo | 18 | 14/1,181 | 1.0 | 0.2 to 1.7 | 0 (0 to 0.46) |
| Use of intermittent therapy | |||||
| Daily throughout | 153 | 566/9,829 | 4.8 | 3.6 to 6.0 | 0.56 (0.49 to 0.64) |
| Daily then thrice weekly | 34 | 33/907 | 2.9 | 0.7 to 5.2 | 0 (0 to 0.38) |
| Daily then twice weekly | 44 | 181/2,367 | 7.3 | 4.0 to 10.7 | 0.6 (0.45 to 0.71) |
| Thrice weekly throughouta | 70 | 150/2,455 | 5.7 | 3.1 to 8.3 | 0.23 (0 to 0.43) |
| Initial drug resistance | |||||
| DST not done/reported | 17 | 124/1,337 | 7.8 | 3.0 to 12.5 | 0.82 (0.73 to 0.88) |
| Sensitive to all TB drugs | 123 | 684/13,302 | 3.7 | 2.8 to 4.7 | 0.66 (0.59 to 0.72) |
| Isoniazid resistance | 65 | 60/403 | 11.4 | 6.5 to 16.2 | 0 (0 to 0.28) |
| Streptomycin resistance | 54 | 36/299 | 9.7 | 4.6 to 14.9 | 0 (0 to 0.32) |
| INH+streptomycin resistant (PDR) | 42 | 26/217 | 10.1 | 4.2 to 15.9 | 0 to (0 to 0.34) |
| Duration of pyrazinamide | |||||
| No pyrazinamide | 56 | 197/3,532 | 5.1 | 2.8 to 7.4 | 0.67 (0.58 to 0.75) |
| 1–3 mo | 136 | 445/7,539 | 4.9 | 3.5 to 6.4 | 0.46 (0.34 to 0.56) |
| 4+ mo | 109 | 288/4,487 | 6.1 | 3.9 to 8.2 | 0.38 (0.22 to 0.51) |
| Duration of streptomycin | |||||
| No streptomycin | 95 | 286/6,277 | 2.7 | 1.8 to 3.6 | 0.44 (0.29 to 0.56) |
| 1–3 mo | 115 | 441/5,680 | 7.5 | 5.5 to 9.6 | 0.65 (0.61 to 0.73) |
| 4+ mo | 91 | 203/3,601 | 5.6 | 3.4 to 7.7 | 0.27 (0.06 to 0.44) |
| Number of drugs to which strains susceptible b | |||||
| Initial phase | |||||
| 0–1 drugs | 2 | 2/17 | 9.3 | 0.0 to 30.2 | 0 (–, –) |
| 2 drugs | 63 | 72/1,210 | 6.6 | 2.7 to 10.4 | 0.06 (0 to 0.31) |
| 3 drugs | 148 | 284/5,191 | 4.1 | 2.6 to 5.6 | 0.36 (0.22 to 0.47) |
| 4 drugs | 71 | 448/7,803 | 4.1 | 2.4 to 5.8 | 0.66 (0.57 to 0.74) |
| Continuation phase | |||||
| 0–1 drugs | 66 | 56/487 | 7.6 | 3.3 to 11.9 | 0 (0 to 0.28) |
| 2 drugs | 140 | 438/8,884 | 3.8 | 2.5 to 5.1 | 0.54 (0.45 to 0.62) |
| 3 or more drugs | 72 | 307/4,824 | 4.5 | 2.4 to 6.5 | 0.54 (0.40 to 0.65) |
| Supervision of therapy | |||||
| All doses fully supervised | 225 | 693/9,323 | 7.3 | 5.8 to 8.8 | 0.48 (0.39 to 0.55) |
| None or partial DOT | 76 | 237/6,235 | 2.4 | 1.6 to 3.2 | 0.43 (0.26 to 0.56) |
| Completion of therapy | |||||
| Good (≤10% dropouts) | 175 | 640/10,340 | 5.5 | 4.1 to 6.8 | 0.56 (0.48 to 0.63) |
| Poor (>10% dropouts) | 126 | 290/5,218 | 4.6 | 3.2 to 6.1 | 0.42 (0.29 to 0.53) |
Event rate and 95% CI are in bold if confidence intervals for two or more strata do not overlap.
a
In all but one trial, if therapy was intermittent initially, the same schedule was continued throughout therapy.
b
In a few trials the number of drugs was the same throughout—these were classified according to the starting regimen.