| Age at time of study (mean±SD) |
52±7 |
53±6 |
0.77 |
51±8 |
58±7 |
<.001 |
52±7 |
54±8 |
0.27 |
| Age at time of study (median, 25th–75th) |
52 (49–57) |
52 (48–57) |
|
50 (46–58) |
55 (54–63) |
|
56 (47–56) |
54 (50–60) |
|
| Age at last catheterization (mean±SD) |
51±6 |
51±7 |
0.51 |
49±8 |
56±7 |
<.001 |
50±7 |
53±7 |
0.23 |
| Age at last catheterization (median, 25th–75th) |
50 (47–55) |
51 (47–56) |
|
48 (44–57) |
54 (52–62) |
|
50 (45–54) |
53 (49–57) |
|
| Ethnicity (Caucasian/African-American/Asian/Hispanic/Native Am) |
50/3/0/0/0 |
50/3/0/0/0 |
|
23/13/1/1/0 |
39/4/0/0/1 |
|
21/5/0/1/2 |
18/4/1/0/1 |
|
| Smoking, n (%) |
26 (49) |
29 (55) |
0.41 |
20 (53) |
34 (77) |
<.001 |
9 (31) |
13 (54) |
0.02 |
| Diabetes, n (%) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
|
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
|
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
|
| Hypertension, n (%) |
16 (30) |
27 (51) |
0.001 |
15 (39) |
27 (61) |
<.001 |
13 (45) |
12 (50) |
0.30 |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) |
0 (0) |
29 (55) |
|
2 (5) |
21 (48) |
<.001 |
1 (3) |
10 (14) |
<.001 |
| PCI, n (%) |
0 (0) |
15 (28) |
|
0 (0) |
13 (30) |
|
0 (0) |
4 (20) |
|
| CABG, n (%) |
0 (0) |
15 (28) |
|
0 (0) |
15 (34) |
|
0 (0) |
7 (29) |
|
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) |
0 (0) |
2 (4) |
|
0 (0) |
5 (11) |
|
0 (0) |
3 (13) |
|
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) |
0 (0) |
1 (2) |
|
0 (0) |
4 (9) |
|
0 (0) |
3 (13) |
|
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) |
0 (0) |
6 (11) |
|
0 (0) |
4 (9) |
|
0 (0) |
2 (8) |
|
| Body Weight (kg) (mean±SD) |
97±19 |
94±16 |
0.40 |
101±19 |
94±30 |
0.27 |
89±27 |
84±24 |
0.43 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (mean±SD) |
139±19 |
134±21 |
0.19 |
145±17 |
142±26 |
0.59 |
145±23 |
138±23 |
0.32 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) (mean±SD) |
80±11 |
76±17 |
0.12 |
82±10 |
82±15 |
0.97 |
77±12 |
70±14 |
0.06 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) (mean±SD) |
64±7 |
56±11 |
<.001 |
64±8 |
57±12 |
0.004 |
66±6 |
57±12 |
0.001 |
|
Medication
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Aspirin, n (%) |
18 (34) |
47 (89) |
<.001 |
10 (26) |
42 (95) |
<.001 |
6 (21) |
21 (88) |
<.001 |
| ACE inhibitor, n (%) |
5 (9) |
40 (75) |
<.001 |
7 (18) |
26 (59) |
<.001 |
4 (14) |
13 (54) |
<.001 |
| ARB, n (%) |
3 (6) |
0 (0) |
0.07 |
2 (5) |
5 (11) |
0.03 |
0 (0) |
5 (21) |
|
| Beta blocker, n (%) |
13 (25) |
43 (81) |
<.001 |
6 (16) |
37 (84) |
<.001 |
6 (21) |
20 (83) |
<.001 |
| Calcium blocker, n (%) |
4 (8) |
10 (19) |
0.002 |
5 (13) |
9 (20) |
0.07 |
3 (10) |
4 (17) |
0.19 |
| Statin, n (%) |
10 (19) |
38 (72) |
<.001 |
4 (11) |
29 (66) |
<.001 |
5 (17) |
15 (63) |
<.001 |
| Fibrate, n (%) |
2 (4) |
4 (8) |
0.15 |
0 (0) |
8 (18) |
|
0 (0) |
1 (4) |
|
|
Clinical Laboratory parameters
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean±SD) |
196±29 |
167±32 |
<0.01 |
195±39 |
177±39 |
0.06 |
204±39 |
181±52 |
0.12 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) (mean±SD) |
183±120 |
142±71 |
0.05 |
155±96 |
181±142 |
0.40 |
146±67 |
161±76 |
0.50 |
| LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean±SD) |
117±22 |
100±31 |
<0.01 |
117±35 |
102±40 |
0.10 |
119±31 |
100±40 |
0.10 |
| HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) (mean±SD) |
44±11 |
39±9 |
0.03 |
47±12 |
42±9 |
0.09 |
56±21 |
49±16 |
0.24 |
| HbA1c (%) (mean±SD) |
5.4±0.4 |
5.5±0.5 |
0.30 |
5.8±1.1 |
5.7±0.8 |
0.92 |
5.6±0.6 |
5.6±0.6 |
0.81 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) (%) (mean±SD) |
1.0±0.1 |
1.1±0.1 |
0.11 |
1.1±0.1 |
1.1±0.2 |
0.89 |
0.8±0.2 |
1.0±0.5 |
0.12 |
| Hematocrit (%) (mean±SD) |
44±5 |
43±3 |
0.15 |
43±2 |
43±3 |
0.89 |
41±3 |
40±2 |
0.03 |
| White blood cell count (109/L) (mean±SD) |
5.6±1.3 |
6.2±2.1 |
0.06 |
5.9±1.7 |
6.4±1.9 |
0.27 |
6.7±2.3 |
6.9±2.1 |
0.51 |
