Table 4.

Regression analysis of risk factors and markers for CsA nephrotoxicity^a

Parameter	Limited or Overt Toxicity			Overt Toxicity
	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Univariate analysis
patient characteristics
male gender	1.42	0.47 to 4.29	0.54	2.42	0.48 to 12.26	0.28
age of onset of NS (yr)	0.94	0.78 to 1.19	0.54	1.04	0.84 to 1.29	0.70
age at CsA (yr)	1.02	0.88 to 1.18	0.78	1.05	0.88 to 1.26	0.58
years of NS before CsA	1.09	0.92 to 1.30	0.33	1.04	0.83 to 1.29	0.75
years of CsA at biopsy	0.85	0.67 to 1.06	0.15	0.90	0.68 to 1.20	0.48
no. of relapses	0.51	0.20 to 1.33	0.17	0.57	0.16 to 2.01	0.38
weight (SDS)	1.08	0.81 to 1.46	0.60	1.08	0.75 to 1.57	0.67
height (SDS)	0.89	0.58 to 1.35	0.58	0.85	0.49 to 1.45	0.54
BMD (z score)	1.42	0.76 to 2.68	0.27	1.04	0.54 to 2.01	0.90
SBP (SDS)	0.89	0.40 to 1.99	0.78	1.22	0.44 to 3.40	0.70
DBP (SDS)	1.67	0.46 to 6.10	0.44	1.58	0.31 to 7.96	0.58
treatment variables
CsA dosage (mg/kg per d; mean)	0.84	0.55 to 1.28	0.41	0.83	0.48 to 1.42	0.49
CsA T2 levels (ng/ml; mean)	1.01	1.01 to 1.01	0.26	1.01	1.00 to 1.01	0.06
steroid dosage (mg/m2 per d; mean)	0.99	0.87 to 1.14	0.90	1.08	0.90 to 1.28	0.41
CCB	2.39	0.74 to 7.74	0.15	2.55	0.63 to 10.24	0.19
ACEI or ARB	8.76	2.04 to 7.56	0.003	13.2	2.95 to 59.09	0.001
renal pathology
MCD	0.31	0.01 to 0.96	0.04	0.33	0.12 to 2.03	0.49
FSGS	1.02	0.31 to 3.38	0.98	0.80	0.15 to 4.19	0.79
FGGS	2.80	0.84 to 9.32	0.10	1.50	0.35 to 6.52	0.59
mesangial proliferation	2.59	0.66 to 0.09	0.17	2.84	0.61 to 13.29	0.19
markers of CsA toxicity
uric acid (mg/dl)	1.64	1.02 to 2.62	0.04	2.81	1.39 to 5.69	0.01
Multivariate analysis
MCD	0.38	0.11 to 1.28	0.12
ACEI or ARB	7.40	1.68 to 2.65	0.008	11.35	2.40 to 53.80	0.002
CsA T2 levels (ng/ml; mean)				1.00	0.99 to 1.01	0.19

^aCI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.