Table 2.
Clinical characteristics at presentation
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Peripheral edema (n [%]) | 23 (62.2) |
| 24-h urine protein (g/d; mean [range]) | 5.70 (0.36 to 17.00) |
| Proteinuria <1 g/24 h (n [%]) | 1/35 (2.9) |
| Proteinuria 1–3g/24 h (n [%]) | 10/35 (28.6) |
| Proteinuria >3g/24 h (n [%]) | 24/35 (68.6) |
| Full nephrotic syndrome (n [%]) | 17/35 (48.6) |
| Serum albumin (g/dl; mean [range]) | 3.1 (1.1 to 4.9) |
| Hematuria (n [%]) | 27/35 (77.1) |
| Serum creatinine at biopsy (mg/dl; mean [range]) | 2.77 (0.70 to 17.00) |
| Renal insufficiency at presentation (n [%]) | 25 (67.6) |
| Evidence of dysproteinemia (n [%])a | 11/37 (29.7) |
| Serum paraprotein only | 4 |
| Serum and urine paraprotein | 7 |
| Multiple myeloma | 1 |
| AL-amyloid | 1 |
| Low C3 (n [%]) | 3 (8.1) |
| Low C4 (n [%]) | 3 (8.1) |
| Low C3 and C4 (n [%]) | 4 (10.8) |
| Positive serum cryoglobulin (n [%])b | 0 (0.0) |
| Positive hepatitis C antibody (n [%]) | 1/30 (3.3) |
| Positive rheumatoid factor (n [%]) | 1/18 (5.5) |
aIn one patient, M-spike was not detected until 3 yr after presentation.
bPerformed repeatedly.