Table 2.
Commercial Access |
Shoulder Tap |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Likelihood of Use |
Frequency of Use |
Likelihood of Use |
Frequency of Use |
|||||
Effects | Fixed |
Random |
Fixed |
Random |
Fixed |
Random |
Fixed |
Random |
Coeff. | Variance | Coeff. | Variance | Coeff. | Variance | Coeff. | Variance | |
Level-1, within-person change | --------a | 0.1247 | --------a | 0.1183 | ||||
Perceived parent drinking | 0.0079 | -0.1138 | 0.0928 | -0.0447 | ||||
Perceived peer drinking | 0.0618‡ | 0.0780* | 0.0550‡ | 0.0505* | ||||
Associations with of-age peers | -0.0491 | -0.6603 | -0.3323 | -0.5950 | ||||
Personal income | 0.0050 | -0.1691 | 0.0010 | 0.0802 | ||||
Level-2, between-person variation | ||||||||
Initial level | 0.8355 | 9.9362‡ | 1.4259 | 7.6568‡ | ||||
Age | 0.5377* | 0.5937* | 0.5469† | 0.7022‡ | ||||
Male | 0.3752 | 0.7144 | 0.2413 | 0.4858 | ||||
Mean perceived parent drinking | -0.0177 | -0.0063 | 0.0049 | -0.0005 | ||||
Mean perceived peer drinking | 0.1565‡ | 0.2006‡ | 0.1776‡ | 0.2334‡ | ||||
Mean associations with of-age peers | 0.5270 | 0.6746 | 0.6129 | 0.6441 | ||||
Mean personal income | 0.1276* | 0.2058† | 0.0371 | 0.0811 | ||||
Growth rate | --------b | 3.4466‡ | --------b | 2.3065‡ | ||||
Age | -0.1271 | -0.1202 | -0.3334† | -0.4608‡ | ||||
Male | 0.2058 | 0.1122 | 0.1078 | 0.0539 | ||||
Level-3, between-zip code variation | ||||||||
Initial level | 0.1418 | 0.1326 | 0.0382 | 0.1297 | ||||
Alcohol outlet density | 0.0013‡ | 0.0024‡ | 0.0010† | 0.0011* | ||||
Median household income | -0.0056 | -0.0006 | -0.0023 | -0.0093 | ||||
Growth rate | 0.0318 | --------b | 0.0051 | 0.0154 | ||||
Alcohol outlet density | -0.0000 | -0.0005* | -0.0004 | -0.0004 | ||||
Median household income | 0.0073* | 0.0057 | -0.0034 | -0.0008 |
Note. The level-1 variance in the Bernoulli model is heteroscedastic and equals 1/p(1-p) where p is the predicted probability according to the level-1 model.
For the model to converge, the variance of this outcome variable was set to 0.
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001.