Table 1.
Bivariate correlations, means, and standard deviations of study variables
| M (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adolescent Chinese proficiency | 3.37 (1.15) | – | |||||||||||
| 2 | Adolescent English proficiency | 4.29 (0.81) | −.20** | – | ||||||||||
| 3 | Mother Chinese proficiency | 3.97 (1.16) | .45** | −.18** | – | |||||||||
| 4 | Mother English proficiency | 2.43 (1.33) | −.49** | .33** | −.24** | – | ||||||||
| 5 | Reading scores | 58.97 (20.44) | −.27** | .53** | −.14** | .34** | – | |||||||
| 6 | Math scores | 78.12 (19.01) | −.11* | .29** | −.09 | .17** | .69** | – | ||||||
| 7 | GPA | 3.45 (0.59) | −.06 | .23** | −.10 | .16** | .42** | .48** | – | |||||
| 8 | Depressive symptoms | 32.84 (8.42) | −.00 | −.06 | −.04 | −.13** | −.15** | −.17** | −.16** | – | ||||
| 9 | Mother education (% less than HS diploma) | 24% | −.22** | .13** | .04 | .39** | .20** | .07 | .17** | −.03 | – | |||
| 10 | Nativity (% US-born) | 75% | −.34** | .45** | −.19** | .31** | .28** | .09 | .18** | −.04 | .12* | – | ||
| 11 | Gender (% female) | 54% | .07 | .05 | .00 | −.04 | .02 | −.00 | .31** | .06 | .04 | −.01 | – | |
| 12 | Grade level (% 7th grade) | 48% | .04 | .02 | .00 | −.00 | .02 | −.05 | .02 | .11* | .01 | −.02 | .05 | – |
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01