. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Sep 3.

Published in final edited form as: J Youth Adolesc. 2008 Nov 11;38(4):572–586. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9358-8

Table 2.

Means and standard deviations for language proficiency groups and F-values for tests of group differences

	English monolingual (N = 195)		Bilingual (N = 190)		Limited English (N = 39)
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F
Adolescent language proficiency groups
Reading tests	65.60^a	17.50	59.27^b	18.40	29.08^c	16.28	63.77^**
Math tests	80.28^a	16.98	79.03^a	17.95	63.74^b	26.00	12.63^**
GPA	3.54^a	.53	3.46^a	.56	3.14^b	.70	7.79^**
Depression	32.27^a	7.37	32.94^a	8.67	33.83^a	10.11	.71

	English monolingual (N = 49)		Bilingual (N = 47)		Limited English (N = 246)		Semilingual (N = 62)
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	F
Mother language proficiency groups
Reading tests	72.96^a	18.34	67.43^a	19.08	55.44^b	20.04	56.08^b	19.85	14.15^**
Math tests	86.29^a	14.65	80.23^ab	18.77	76.90^b	19.66	76.73^b	19.34	3.64^*
GPA	3.64^a	.39	3.55^ab	.53	3.39^b	.61	3.48^ab	.56	3.19^*
Depression	31.40^a	7.94	30.92^a	9.22	32.96^a	8.23	33.63^a	7.04	1.51

Note: Within each row, means not sharing a superscript differ at p < .05.

p < 0.05,

^**

p < 0.01